Global occurrence: Eurasia – Asia Extratropical | Eurasia – Europe | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Arctic.  Substrate: soil, clay, humus, turf, detritus, dead leaves | bryophytes – mosses, liverworts | rock, stones, pebbles – unspecified.  Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts).  Thallus: foliose (foliaceous), leaf-like; [th] upper surface: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | brown(ish) grey; [th upper surface]: epruinose | pruinose; [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: absent; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: (low) 0.4 (high) 0.8 (max) 1.0; [th] lower surface: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | white(ish); [th lower surface] specific structures: present; [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizoid structures: present; [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizinoid structures: unbranched, simple | irregularly branched, irregular | squarrosely branched, squarrose | fasciculate.  Ascomata: absent.  Secondary metabolites: present, variolaric acid | unknown/unidentified (tri-)terpenoid(s), (tri-)terpene(s).  Primary photobiont: present, chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid.  Secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent.