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- building a Global Consortium of Bryophytes and Lichens as keystones of cryptobiotic communities -
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Rhizocarpon
Family: Rhizocarpaceae
Rhizocarpon image
Gary Perlmutter
  • Greater Sonoran Desert
  • Resources
Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2004. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 2.
Life habit: lichenized or not, lichenicolous when young, persistently lichenicolous or not lichenicolous Thallus: crustose or forming a mycelium in host species in some lichenicolous species, when present usually areolate, more rarely partly endolithic, continuous, cracked, verrucose, or slightly effigurate at the margin, rarely sorediate or isidiate; prothallus: usually present cephalodia: present in one species upper cortex: usually a well developed pseudo-cortex, often containing lichen substances, calcium oxalate or melanins medulla: white or rarely yellow, KI- to KI+ dark violet, often containing lichen substances photobiont: primary one a green, unicellular algae, secondary one absent lower cortex: usually absent but present in a few species with peltate areolae, composed on dense cells, KI+ blue in one species Ascomata: apothecial, attached to the hypothallus, black, slightly concave to strongly convex, marginate when young, later persistently marginate or becoming immarginate; thalline exciple: absent proper exciple: usually well developed, composed of radiating hyphae, with a brownish or greenish black rim and a usually somewhat paler or rarely hyaline inner part, frequently containing crystals of lichen substances epihymenium: dark brown or green, frequently containing crystals of lichen substances hymenium: hyaline or slightly brown or green, KI+ blue; paraphyses: conglutinated, richly branched and anastomosing, with a slightly to distinctly thickened apical cell; hypothecium: medium brown to dark brown, lacking crystals asci: clavate, with a well developed tholus which is non-amyloid in the lower part and amyloid near the apex, lacking an ocular chamber, 1-8spored ascospores: hyaline to dark green or dark brown to black, 1-septate to muriform, +ellipsoid, halonate Conidiomata: pycnidial, known in a few species only, attached to the hypothallus or immersed in the areolae conidia: hyaline, bacilliform to acicular Secondary metabolites: depsides, depsidones, pulvinic acids, or rarely aliphatic acids or no secondary metabolites Geography: cosmopolitan, but predominately temperate/boreal to arctic/alpine Substrate: on rock, mainly non-calcareous, or lichenicolous on saxicolous lichens, rarely on wood. Notes: The amyloid reaction of the medulla is best studied in an acidic ioidine solution (e.g., Lugol's solution with the water substituted by 25% lactic acid) after a few seconds pretreatment in K; this is here denoted the KI-reaction. Rhizocarpon athalloides (Nyl.) Hasse is reported on soil from southern California, but the species does not appear to be a Rhizocarpon; it's proper placement is uncertain at this time.
Species within checklist: Minute Man National Historical Park
Rhizocarpon hochstetteri
Image of Rhizocarpon hochstetteri
Map not
Available
Rhizocarpon obscuratum
Image of Rhizocarpon obscuratum
Map not
Available
Rhizocarpon rubescens
Image of Rhizocarpon rubescens
Map not
Available

 

This project made possible by National Science Foundation Awards: #1115116, #2001500, #2001394
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