Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2004. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 2.

Hyphal strands: absent Ascomata: superficial, black, scattered, cushion-like, rounded, or, more frequently, irregular, elongate, laterally compressed, or sometimes with a predominantly vertical development, in the form of a small pinnacle, or ovate and then with the lower part penetrating into the host thallus and the asci restricted to the upper part of the ascoma disc: ±flat or convex, 120-300 µm in diam wide, 120-200 µm tall internal structure: wall of the external cells: dark to blackish brown, with a granular pigment, hyaline or pale brown in the internal ones, cells 4-8 µm in diam. centrum: I- asci: broadly ovate or subglobose, 22-27 x 16-18 µm wide, (4-6-)8spored, I- ascospores: hyaline initially but soon brown, 1-septate, ellipsoid or obovate, constricted at the equatorial septum, not halonate, 10-15 x 6-9 µm; external wall: I- or sometimes I+ blue, with a granular surface. Host: on the thallus of Lecanora farinacea World and Sonoran distribution: Baja California. Notes: The larger size and usually more irregular shape of the ascomata of Lichenostigma lecanorae are distinctive with respect to L. maureri and L. rugosa, two other species of subgenus Lichenostigma, not developing superficial hyphal strands. Moreover, these two species occur on different host genera.