Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2007. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 3.
Thallus: crustose, epiphloedous, continuous, thin to thick, surface: greenish gray to yellowish gray or olive-gray, dull to somewhat shiny, smooth to rough, epruinose cortex: hyaline, interspersed, gelatinous, up to c. 25 µm thick; algal layer and medulla: filled with large crystals Ascomata: orbicular, perithecioid when young, urceolate when mature; mostly solitary, immersed to emergent, 0.5-1.8 mm in diam.; pore: 0.15-0.5 mm wide, incurved to sub-erect, ±round, becoming cracked and irregular at age, urceolate margins: whitish gray, usually filled with grayish pruinose, reticulate columella true exciple: carbonized, central columella present; columella: simple to partially actinoid with age, basally carbonized, apically hyaline and heavily interspersed hymenium: not inspersed, hyaline, c. 110 µm tall, with non-amyloid hymenial gel; paraphyses: simple, without apical thickening asci: subcylindrical, 8-spored ascospores: brown, submuriform to muriform, with 2-5 transverse and 0-2 longitudinal septa, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, with rounded ends, amyloid, ornamented, 6-10 x 10-18 µm Pycnidia: not found Secondary metabolites: lichexanthone. Substrate and ecology: on bark World distribution: Neotropics Sonoran distribution: Sinaloa in a tropical deciduous forest at 300 m, presently known only from one collection. Notes: This species is characterized by the presence of lichexanthone, the submuriform to muriform, mostly broadly ellipsoid, brown ascospores, and the presence of a conspicious, pruinose columella that tends to become actinoid at later stages of maturity. The appearance of the ascomata varies throughout development, from solitary and regular, small pored to fused and irregular with a more open and suberect pore and visible actinoid, broad columella.