Home > Ecuador > Lichen-forming, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi from Galapagos (Ecuador)
Lichen-forming, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi from Galapagos (Ecuador)
Includes taxa from following child checklists:
Taxa explicitly excluded: Erroneous reports of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi from Galapagos
Authors: *1,2,3,6Frank Bungartz, 2,6Frauke Ziemmeck, 1,3,4Alba Yánez-Ayabaca & 1,5Fredy Nugra

Citation: Bungartz, F., Ziemmeck, F., Yánez-Ayabaca, A. & Nugra, F. (2023) Lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi from Galapagos (Ecuador). Consortium of Lichen Herbaria. Symbiota Checklist, published online at https://lichenportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?clid=1278&pid

Locality: Galapagos, Ecuador

Abstract:

1Grupo Ecuatoriano de Liquenología (GEL), Ecuador
2Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
3Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador
4Universidad Central de Quito, Ecuador
5Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
6Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4108, USA

*corresponding author: frank.bungartz@asu.edu

Lichen-forming, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi from Galapagos (Ecuador):
This checklist includes all species (including subspecies, varieties, or forms) of lichen-forming fungi currently known from the Galapagos. The list further includes some fungi typically associated with lichens (lichenicolous fungi, i.e., fungi parasitic or parasymbiontic on lichens), or often treated by lichenologists even though they are not lichenized (i.e., allied fungi). The checklist is a result of the ongoing Galapagos Lichen Inventory, supported by the Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands (CDF) and the Directorate of the Galapagos National Park (DPNG). First versions of this checklists were successively published by the CDF dataZone. More recent updates are made available here as part of Ecuador's national biodiversity assessment program ‘Biodiversidad Genética del Ecuador’, led by the Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad del Ecuador (INABIO). For all species included in this checklists we provide preliminary assessment of their origin. Examples of lichen species introduced to the islands as a result of human activities remain unknown and all species are here considered native. Most of these species are indigenous, i.e., native but not exclusively found in the archipelago only. Others are currently known only from the Galapagos; they may be considered endemic or in some cases questionably endemic. An assessment of their threat status using IUCN red-list criteria is currently under way.

Additional contributors to this Checklist include:
André Aptroot, Othmar Breuss, Philippe Clerc, Carolina Cornejo, Paul Diederich, Damien Ertz, Tassilo Feuerer, Marusa Herrera, Kerry Knudsen, James Lawrey, Robert Lücking, Bibiana Moncado, Christian Parrinello, Matthias Schultz, Harrie Sipman, Adriano Spielman, Ulrik Søchting, Anders Tehler, Leif Tibell, Camille Truong, William A. Weber, and Martin Westberg.

Please click here to download the Reference List as a PDF.

This is the version #08 of this checklist, which can be downloaded as PDF here.

Download previous versions published by the CDF dataZone here:

CDF Version #1 (2011-Jul-07)
CDF Version #2 (2012-Nov-18)
CDF Version #3 (2013-May-23)
CDF Version #4 (2013-Jun-06)
CDF Version #5 (2013-Sep-19)
CDF Version #6 (2013-Dec-03)
CDF Version #7 (2016-09-29)

Notes: last updated 7 March 2023

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Families: 66
Genera: 222
Species: 791
Total Taxa: 795
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Peltula impressa (Vain.) Swiscow & Krog
[Heppia impressa Vain.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 63100 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1637 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65413 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6727 [CDS], more...
Peltula omphaliza (Nyl.) Wetmore
[Endocarpiscum omphalizum (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Heppia omphaliza Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; W. R. Taylor 872 [FH]
Peltula placodizans (Zahlbr.) Wetmore
[Endocarpiscum placodizans (Zahlbr.) Fink, Heppia placodizans Zahlbr., Peltula decorticans (Müll. Arg.) Filson, Placoheppia placodizans (Zahlbr.) Oxner, Pyrenopsidium decorticans Müll.Arg., Solorinaria placodizans (Zahlbr.) Gyeln.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64479 A [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64391 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3870 A [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65337 [CDS], more...
Pertusaria albinea Tuck.
endemic to Galapagos, Type (FH): Ecuador. Galápagos: on bark, coll. Rev. T. Hill, Hassler Expedition [FH-Tuck 60330 – holotype (not seen); US 69128 – isotype!]; F. Bungartz: holotype not found during visit to FH, possibly on loan to I. Messuti, one specimen in COLO, collected and identified by Weber as P. albinea [COLO 188868 (L-40346)]; Tuckerman (1877) described this species based on material collected in the Galapagos Islands by H. Willey during the Hassler Expedition of 1872; consequently, the name has priority over Pertusaria albinea Müll.Arg. (Bulletin de l’Herbier Boissier 3: 639, 1895), source: Bungartz et al. (2015), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Farlow (1902), Stewart (1912), Weber (1966, 1986); Bungartz, F. 7379 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65389 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11748 [CDS]
Pertusaria albineoides Bungartz, A.W. Archer, Yánez-Ayabaca & Elix
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4066 [CDS 27996], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Bungartz, F. 4066 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65073 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65075 [CDS]
Pertusaria endoxantha Vain.
[Pertusaria norstictica A.W. Archer]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Bungartz, F. 7567 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7570 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7544 B [CDS], Ertz, D. 11860 [CDS]
Pertusaria lueckingii Bungartz, A.W. Archer & Elix
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, Holotype: Bungartz 10074 [CDS 47469], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Spielmann, A.A. 10638 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10369 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10074 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10445 [CDS], more...
Pertusaria nigrata Kremp.
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Aptroot, A. 65034 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4165 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4013 [CDS]
Pertusaria stictica Nugra, A.W. Archer, Bungartz & Elix
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Nugra 451 [CDS 36765], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Bungartz, F. 10024 [CDS], Nugra, F. 451 [CDS]
Pertusaria tejocotensis var. stictica A.W. Archer, Bungartz & Yánez-Ayabaca
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Pinzón, E-facing side of a valley on the W-slope of the highest mountain, 0°36'49''S, 90°40'14''W, 294 m alt., transition zone, E-facing basalt cliff, Scalesia baurii ssp. baurii and Polypodium tridens growing on the basalt cliff, on top and flat slope of sunny, wind- and rain-exposed basalt boulder, 16 Feb 2006, Bungartz 3608 (CDS27426 – holotype!), source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Truong, C. 1242 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10225 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10747 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5051 [CDS], more...
Pertusaria tetrathalamia (Fée) Nyl.
[Pertusaria leioplacoides var. plicatula Müll.Arg., Pertusaria tetrathalamia f. tetrathalamia (Fée) Nyl., Pertusaria tetrathalamia var. plicatula (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Pertusaria tetrathalamia var. tetrathalamia (Fée) Nyl., Porina tetrathalamia (Fée) Fée, Trypethelium subumbilicatum C. Knight, Trypethelium tetrathalamium Fée]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Bungartz, F. 7730 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-191 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11926 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7699 B [CDS], more...
Pertusaria texana Müll.Arg.
[Pertusaria disticha Erichsen]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Aptroot, A. 63953 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4652 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4901 [CDS], Nugra, F. 1077 [CDS], more...
Pertusaria thioisidiata var. isidiogyrophorica Yánez-Ayabaca, Bungartz, A.W. Archer & Elix
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4793 [CDS 28925], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Aptroot, A. 65571 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4793 [CDS]
Pertusaria thiospoda C. Knight
[Pertusaria bispora Farl. ex Linder, Pertusaria leiotera Müll.Arg., Pertusaria minuta C. Knight, Pertusaria schizostomella Müll.Arg.]
according to Bungartz et al. (2015) so far only reported from the Galapagos (including the neotype), possibly also in mainland Ecuador, but the species appears to have its centre of distribution in the western Pacific, where it is common and widely distributed in coastal Australia, Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island, and Vanuatu; only one record is known as far east as the Cook Islands, native, indigenous, Neotype of P. bispora: Stewart 8407 [FH00377356, neotype selected by Bungartz et al. (2015)], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Bungartz, F. 9620 [CDS]
Pertusaria xanthodes Müll.Arg.
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, in the Galapagos only known from a single specimen collected on bark of Bursera graveolens in the dry zone of Santa Fé (Jonitz, H. 28), source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Jonitz, H. 28 [CDS]
Pertusaria xantholeucoides Müll.Arg.
[Lepra xantholeucoides (Müll. Arg.) I. Schmitt, A.W. Archer & Lumbsch]
Phaeographis atromaculata (A.W. Archer) A.W. Archer
[Phaeographina atromaculata A.W. Archer, Phaeographis illitoraticola Lendemer, R.C. Harris & Yahr nom. inval., Phaeographis kalbii Staiger]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz & et al. (2009); Aptroot, A. 64078 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64589 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65591 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6659 [CDS]
Phaeographis brasiliensis (A. Massal.) Kalb & Matthes-Leicht
[Creographa brasiliensis A. Massal., Graphis subtigrina Vain., Graphis tigrinella f. subtigrina (Vain.) Vain., Phaeographina brasiliensis (A. Massal.) Zahlbr., Phaeographis subtigrina (Vain.) Zahlbr., Sarcographa tricosa f. subtigrina (Vain.) Zahlbr., Ustalia brasiliensis (A. Massal.) Stizenb.]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64299 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-387 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8504 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8134 [CDS], more...
Phaeographis dendritica (Ach.) Müll.Arg.
[Arthonia sinensigrapha Fée, Graphis dendritica (Ach.) Ach., Graphis dendritica f. dendritica (Ach.) Ach., Graphis dendritica f. obtusa Leight., Graphis dendritica var. dendritica (Ach.) Ach., Graphis dendritica var. obtusa Mudd, Graphis sinensigrapha (Fée) A. Massal., Hymenodecton dendriticum (Ach.) Leight., Opegrapha dendritica Ach., Phaeographis dendritica var. obtusa (Leight.) Müll. Arg., Phaeographis dendritica var. sinensigrapha (Fée) Zahlbr., Platygramma dendritica (Ach.) G. Mey., Platygramma dendriticum (Ach.) G. Mey.]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2009), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 7523 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65600 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10812 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7535 [CDS], more...
Phaeographis leiogrammodes (Kremp.) Müll. Arg.
[Graphis leiogrammodes Kremp., Phaeographina leiogrammodes (Kremp.) M. Wirth & Hale]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2009); Bungartz, F. 7692 [CDS], Ertz, D. 12027 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64061 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10029 [CDS], more...
Phaeographis major (Kremp.) Lücking
[Lecanactis sericea var. major Kremp., Phaeographis sericea var. major (Kremp.) Zahlbr.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2009); Aptroot, A. 63346 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6857 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3510 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65319 [CDS], more...
Phaeographis striata Bungartz
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6606 [CDS 34826], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Aptroot, A. 64870 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6606 [CDS]
Phaeophyscia hirsuta (Mereschk.) Essl.
[Phaeophyscia cernohorskyi (Nádv.) Essl., Physcia cernohorskyi Nádv., Physcia cernohorskyi var. cernohorskyi Nádv., Physcia hirsuta Mereschk., Physcia hirsuta var. hirsuta Mereschk., Physcia labrata Mereschk., Physcia labrata f. labrata Mereschk., Physcia labrata var. labrata Mereschk., Physcia strigosa Poelt & Buschardt]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64941 [CDS]
Phaeophyscia nigricans (Flörke) Moberg
[Lecanora nigricans Flörke, Parmelia obscura f. sciastrella Nyl., Parmelia tremulicola (Nyl.) Arnold, Physcia nigricans (Flörke) Stizenb., Physcia nigricans f. fusca (Räsänen) Zahlbr., Physcia nigricans f. nigricans (Flörke) Stizenb., Physcia nigricans f. parvula (Vain.) Nádv., Physcia nigricans f. tremulicola (Nyl.) Maas Geest., Physcia nigricans var. auraënsis (Vain.) Räsänen, Physcia nigricans var. groenlandica Å.E. Dahl, Physcia nigricans var. helvetica (Vain. ex Räsänen) Frey, Physcia nigricans var. nigricans (Flörke) Stizenb., Physcia nigricans var. sciastrella (Nyl.) Lynge, Physcia nigricans var. tremulicola (Nyl.) Lynge, Physcia sciastrella (Nyl.) Harm., Physcia sciastrella var. sciastrella (Nyl.) Harm., Physcia sciastrella var. sublurida Vain., Physcia tremulicola Nyl., Physcia tremulicola f. atra Lynge, Physcia tremulicola f. tremulicola Nyl., Physcia tremulicola subsp. leptothallina Vain., Physcia tremulicola subsp. tremulicola Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 10531 A [CDS]
Phaeophyscia pusilloides (Zahlbr.) Essl.
[Physcia pusilloides Zahlbr.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 10448 A [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65720 [CDS]
Phylloblastia inconspicua Lücking
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Truong, C. 1209 [CDS]
Phyllopsora parvifolia (Pers.) Müll.Arg.
[Biatora parvifolia (Pers.) Mont., Lecidea parvifolia Pers., Lecidea parvifolia f. parvifolia Pers., Lecidea parvifolia f. subgranulosa Tuck., Lecidea parvifolia var. granulosa (Müll. Arg.) Shirley, Lecidea parvifolia var. parvifolia Pers., Phyllopsora parvifolia f. parvifolia (Pers.) Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. fibrillifera Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. granulosa (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. parvifolia (Pers.) Müll Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. subgranulosa (Tuck.) Müll.Arg., Psora parvifolia (Pers.) A. Massal., Psora parvifolia var. granulosa Müll.Arg., Zeora parvifolia (Pers.) C. Müll.]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 65746 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5816 [CDS]
Physcia atrostriata Moberg
native, indigenous, source: Moberg (1990); Bungartz, F. 9361 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10423 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63908 [CDS], Nugra, F. 631 [CDS], more...
Physcia insularis Zahlbr.
native, questionably endem., Possible Type: Floreana, Post Office Bay, Herre s.n. [W; distributed also as Keissler, Krypt. Exs. [Wien (Vienna)] no. 3170]; see comments in Weber (1986, p. 478), source: Thomson (1963), Weber (1966, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); A. W. C. T. Herre s.n. [NY], A. W. C. T. Herre [F], UC523745 [UC], A.W.C.T. Herre [O], more...
Physcia lacinulata Müll.Arg.
native, indigenous, F. Bungartz: most specimens have a black lower side and thus belong to P. lobulata, but three specimens with white lower side recently discovered., source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986)
Physcia lopezii Moberg
native, indigenous
Physcia mobergii Bungartz
[Physcia lobulata Moberg nom. illegit.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, taxonomic comment the name Physcia lobulata Moberg (1990) is illegitimate because Physcia lobulata (Flörke) Arnold (1884) precedes it; Physcia lobulata (Flörke) Arnold is a synonym of Seawardiella lobulata; the replacement name for Physcia lobulata Moberg is published as Physcia mobergii; Nugra, F. 329 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64504 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10118 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8241 [CDS], more...
Physcia sinuosa Moberg
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 65391 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65625 [CDS]
Physcia sorediosa (Vain.) Lynge
[Physcia integrata f. sorediosa (Vain.) Müll. Arg., Physcia integrata var. sorediosa Vain.]
native, indigenous, source: Dodge (1936), Weber (1966, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Nugra, F. 289 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64006 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10497 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4958 [CDS], more...
Physma byrsaeum (Afzel. ex Ach.) Müll.Arg.
[Collema amphiurum Nyl., Collema byrsaeum (Afzel. ex Ach.) Ach., Collema hypolasium Stirt., Dichodium amphiurum (Nyl.) Nyl., Dichodium byrsaeum (Afzel. ex Ach.) Nyl., Dichodium byrsinum (Afzel. ex Ach.) Nyl., Gabura byrsaea (Afzel. ex Ach.) Kuntze, Gabura byrsina (Afzel. ex Ach.) Kuntze, Lempholemma hypolasium (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Lichen furvus * byrsaeum (Afzel. ex Ach.) Lam., Parmelia byrsaea Afzel. ex Ach., Physma amphiurum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Physma byrsaeum var. amphiurum (Nyl.) Müll. Arg., Physma byrsinum (Afzel. ex Ach.) Tuck.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, F. Bungartz: only one single, historic specimen (Sipman L-70, COLO L-63545, from Cerro Azul, Isabela, H. Sipman L-70, 22-25 June 1976); recently found again on a collection trip to Cerro Azul, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 10301 [CDS], Nugra, F. 1030 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10585 [CDS], Sipman, H.J.M. L-70 [CDS], more...
Piccolia conspersa (Fée) Vain.
[Biatorella conspersa (Fée) Vain., Biatorella conspersa f. conspersa (Fée) Vain., Heterothecium conspersum (Fée) Flot., Lecidea conspersa Fée]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64293 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5807 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5824 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64300 [CDS]
Platythecium hypoleptum (Nyl.) M. Nakan. & Kashiw.
[Graphis hypolepta Nyl., Thalloloma hypoleptum (Nyl.) Staiger]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 10161 [CDS]
Plectocarpon galapagoense Ertz & Bungartz
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens); on Sarcographa tricosa, native, questionably endem., Holotype: Bungartz 5759 [CDS 33415], source: Hyde et al. (2019); Bungartz, F. 5759 [CDS]
Polyblastidium corallophorum (Taylor) Kalb
[Anaptychia corallophora (Taylor) Lynge, Anaptychia hypoleuca subsp. corallophora (Taylor) Vain., Heterodermia corallophora (Taylor) Skorepa, Parmelia corallophora Taylor, Physcia corallophora (Taylor) Nyl., Physcia speciosa f. isidiosa Müll. Arg., Pseudophyscia hypoleuca var. corallophora (Taylor) Hue]
native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 3974 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8788 [CDS]
Polyblastidium japonicum (M. Satô) Kalb
[Anaptychia dendritica var. japonica M. Sat, Anaptychia dendritica var. propagulifera Vain., Anaptychia hypoleuca var. sorediifera (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Anaptychia japonica (M. Satô) Kurok., Anaptychia japonica var. japonica (M. Satô) Kurok., Anaptychia japonica var. reagens Kurok., Anaptychia propagulifera (Vain.) Ozenda & Clauzade, Anaptychia speciosa f. sorediifera (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Anaptychia subheterochroa var. propagulifera (Vain.) Kurok., Heterodermia dendritica var. propagulifera (Vain.) Poelt, Heterodermia japonica (M. Satô) Swinscow & Krog, Heterodermia japonica var. japonica (M. Satô) Swinscow & Krog, Physcia speciosa f. sorediifera Müll.Arg., Pseudophyscia speciosa var. hypoleuca]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 65054 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4156 [CDS], Nugra, F. 1054 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7317 [CDS], more...
Polychidium muscicola (Sw.) Gray
[Collema muscicola (Sw.) Ach., Cornicularia muscicola (Sw.) DC., Garovaglia muscicola (Sw.) Trevis., Homodium muscicola (Sw.) Nyl., Leptogium muscicola (Sw.) Fr., Lichen muscicola Sw., Parmelia muscicola (Sw.) Ach., Patellaria muscicola (Sw.) Wallr., Polychidium muscicolum (Sw.) Gray]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Dal-Forno, M. 1193 D [CDS], Nugra, F. 296 [CDS], Truong, C. 1149 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8147 [CDS], more...
Porina conspersa Malme
native, indigenous, F. Bungartz & R. Miranda: only one single fertile specimen in CDS, all others sterile and thus referred to P. distans (according to Lücking 2008)., source: Lücking (2008); Aptroot, A. 64327 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10292 [CDS]
Porina coralloidea P. James
[Zamenhofia coralloidea (P. James) Clauzade & Cl. Roux]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64237 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3714 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65310 [CDS]
Porina cubana Vězda
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64268 B [CDS], Rivas Plata, E. 4101 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 8153 B [CDS]
Porina melanops Malme
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 8642 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65406 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8758 [CDS]
Porina nucula Ach.
[Porina endochrysa Mont., Porina mastoidea var. rudis Müll.Arg., Porina nucula var. endochrysa (Mont.) Zahlbr., Porina pallida Müll.Arg., Porina rudis (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Porophora nucula (Ach.) Spreng., Segestria nucula (Ach.) Hellb., Sphaeromphale nucula (Ach.) Trevis., Verrucaria endochrysa (Mont.) Nyl.]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64251 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64703 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4000 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1742 [CDS]
Protoparmeliopsis ertzii Bungartz & Elix
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Ertz 11813 [CDS 37172], source: Bungartz et al. (2020); Ertz, D. 11813 [CDS]
Pseudobogoriella miculiformis (Müll. Arg.) Lücking, R. Miranda & Aptroot
[Bogoriella miculiformis (Nyl. ex Müll. Arg.) Aptroot & Lücking, Microthelia miculiformis Nyl. ex Müll. Arg., Mycomicrothelia miculiformis (Nyl. ex Müll. Arg.) D. Hawksw., Verrucaria miculiformis Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Spielmann, A.A. 10605 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3520 [CDS]
Pseudobogoriella subfallens (Müll. Arg.) Lücking, R. Miranda & Aptroot
[Bogoriella subfallens (Müll. Arg.) Aptroot & Lücking, Microthelia subfallens Müll.Arg., Mycomicrothelia subfallens (Müll. Arg.) D. Hawksw., Verrucaria subfallens Nyl. nom. inval.]
native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1993); Aptroot, A. 65061 A [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65544 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9441 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65560 [CDS], more...
Pseudocyphellaria argyracea (Delise) Vain.
[Lichen argyraceus (Delise) Bory, Pseudocyphellaria argyracea f. argyracea (Delise) Vain., Pseudocyphellaria argyracea var. argyracea (Delise) Vain., Pseudocyphellaria argyracea var. sorediifera (Delise) Malme, Sticta argyracea f. argyracea Delise, Sticta argyracea var. argyracea Delise, Sticta argyracea var. sorediifera Delise, Stictina argyracea f. argyracea (Delise) Nyl., Stictina argyracea var. argyracea (Delise) Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Galloway & Arvidsson (1990), Weber (1986); Truong, C. 1489 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 2033 [CDS], Truong, C. 1518 A [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-282 [CDS], more...
Pseudocyphellaria crocata (L.) Vain.
[Celidium keisslerianum Gyeln., Cyanisticta aurigera (Bory) C.W. Dodge, Cyanisticta aurigera var. aurigera (Bory) C.W. Dodge, Cyanisticta crocata (L.) Gyeln., Cyanisticta crocata f. crocata (L.) Räsänen, Cyanisticta crocata var. crocata (L.) Räsänen, Cyanisticta mougeotiana var. aurigera (Delise) Szatala, Lichen crocatus L., Lobaria crocata (L.) Raeusch., Pseudocyphellaria mougeotiana f. aurigera (Delise) I.M. Lamb, Pseudocyphellaria mougeotiana var. aurigera (Delise) Vain., Pulmonaria aurigera Bory, Saccardoa crocata (L.) Trevis., Sticta aurigera Delise, Sticta aurigera var. aurigera Delise, Sticta crocata (Hoffm.) DC., Sticta crocata f. crocata (L.) Ach., Sticta crocata var. crocata (L.) Ach., Stictina crocata (L.) Nyl., Stictina crocata f. crocata (L.) Nyl.]
native, indigenous, problematic; according to Elix & McCarthy (1998) reported by Weber (1986) as Pseudocyphellaria mougeotiana var. aurigera with Pseudocyphellaria xantholoma as a synonym; all names currently not resolved, source: Dodge (1936), Weber (1966, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Galloway & Arvidsson (1990)
Pseudocyphellaria dozyana (Mont. & Bosch) D.J. Galloway
[Saccardoa dozyana (Mont. & Bosch) Trevis., Sticta dozyana Mont. & Bosch, Stictina dozyana (Mont. & Bosch) Nyl.]
native, indigenous, Weber (1993) suggests that this species was previously listed by Weber (1986) as Pseudocyphellaria mougeotiana var. aurigera, saying that although Galapagos specimens were verified by Galloway, they were not included in Galloway & Arvidsson (1990), source: Weber (1986; as Pseudocyphellaria mougeotiana var. aurigera), Weber (1993), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Galloway (1985), Galloway & Arvidsson (1990); Bungartz, F. 6904 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9483 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10562 [CDS], Nugra, F. 24 [CDS], more...
Pseudopyrenula diluta (Fée) Müll.Arg.
[Arthopyrenia diluta (Fée) Harm., Pseudopyrenula albonitens Müll.Arg., Pseudopyrenula atroalba Vain., Pseudopyrenula diluta var. diluta (Fée) Müll.Arg., Pseudopyrenula erumpens Müll.Arg., Pseudopyrenula oahuensis H. Magn., Pseudopyrenula sitiana Vain., Pyrenula diluta (Fée) Tuck., Verrucaria diluta Fée]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64558 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10013 [CDS], Truong, C. 1346 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9328 [CDS], more...
Pseudopyrenula subgregaria Müll.Arg.
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Albert W. C. T. Herre L-41176 [LSU]
Pseudopyrenula subnudata Müll.Arg.
[Arthopyrenia minutissima Vain., Pseudopyrenula araucariae Vain., Pseudopyrenula confluens G. Merr., Pseudopyrenula diluta var. degenerans Vain., Pseudopyrenula elliptica Müll.Arg., Pseudopyrenula flavicans Müll.Arg., Pseudopyrenula limitata Szatala, Pyrenula hagmannii Redinger]
native, indigenous, according to Elix & McCarthy (1998) reports of Pseudopyrenula subgregaria by Weber (1993) belong here, source: Weber (1993; as Pseudopyrenula subgregaria), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Bungartz, F. 9255 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64605 [CDS], Miranda, R. 963 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5754 [CDS], more...
Pseudosagedia cestrensis (Michener) R.C. Harris
[Porina cestrensis (Tuck. ex Michener) Müll.Arg., Porina cestrensis var. cestrensis (Tuck.) Müll. Arg., Sagedia cestrensis Tuck., Trichothelium cestrense (Michener) R.C. Harris, Verrucaria cestrensis Tuck. ex E. Michener]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7312 B [CDS]
Pseudosagedia guentheri (Flot.) Hafellner & Kalb
[Amphoridium koerberi (Hepp) A. Massal., Porina grandis var. lucens Taylor, Porina guentheri (Flot.) Zahlbr., Porina guentheri var. guentheri (Flot.) Zahlbr., Porina guentheri var. lucens (Taylor) Swinscow, Porina koerberi (Flot.) Lettau, Sagedia koerberi (Flot.) Körb., Sagedia koerberi f. koerberi (Flot.) Körb., Segestria koerberi (Flot.) Hellb., Spermatodium koerberi (Flot.) Trevis., Spermatodium koerberi var. guentheri (Flot.) Trevis., Trichothelium guentheri (Flotow) R.C. Harris, Verrucaria guentheri Flot., Verrucaria koerberi Hepp]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64025 [CDS]
Pseudosagedia nitidula (Müll. Arg.) Hafellner & Kalb
[Phylloporina nitidula (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Phylloporina nitidula f. nitidula (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Phylloporina nitidula f. validior Zahlbr., Porina nitidula Müll.Arg., Trichothelium nitidulum (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Harris]
native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 8231 B [CDS], Rivas Plata, E. 4085 A [CDS], Nugra, F. 910 D2 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64216 [CDS], more...
Psilolechia lucida (Ach.) Choisy
[Biatora lucida (Ach.) Fr., Biatora lucida var. lucida (Ach.) Fr., Biatora lucida var. theiotea (Ach.) Räsänen, Lecidea lucida Ach., Lecidea lucida f. lucida (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea lucida f. theiotea (Ach.) Zahlbr., Lecidea lucida var. lucida (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea lucida var. theiotea Ach., Lichen lucidus Ach., Patellaria lucida (Ach.) Spreng., Patellaria theiotea (Ach.) Wallr., Patellaria theiotea var. lucida (Ach.) Wallr.]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2013c); Aptroot, A. 65143 [CDS]
Psora nipponica (Zahlbr.) Gotth. Schneider
[Lecidea nipponica Zahlbr., Lecidea novomexicana (B. de Lesd.) R.A. Anderson, Psora novomexicana B. de Lesd.]
native, indigenous, specimen in COLO (L-44020), Cavagnaro s.n., Pinzón, det. by E. Timdal, 1990 as Toninia novomexicana nom. nud., source: Elix & McCarthy (1998)
Psoroglaena stigonemoides (Orange) Henssen
[Leucocarpia stigonemoides (Orange) Hafellner & Kalb, Macentina stigonemoides Orange]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 63820 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65552 [CDS]
Psorotichia hassei Fink ex J. Hedrick
preliminary identification, the only specimen (Bungartz, F. 6122) was determined by M. Schultz as "cf."; Bungartz, F. 6122 [CDS]
Psorotichia murorum A. Massal.
[Collemopsis murorum (A. Massal.) Stizenb.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, first erroneously identified as Psorotichia schaereri by M. Schultz in 2006, source: Schultz & Aptroot (2008); Bungartz, F. 3967 [CDS]
Pterygiopsis guyanensis M. Schultz, Porembski & Büdel
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7272 [CDS]
Pyrenocollema halodytes (Nyl.) R.C. Harris
[Arthopyrenia consequens (Nyl.) Arnold, Arthopyrenia consequens var. halodytes (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Arthopyrenia gyalectoides M. Knowles ex A.L. Sm., Arthopyrenia halodytes (Nyl.) Arnold, Arthopyrenia halodytes f. fusca B. de Lesd., Arthopyrenia halodytes f. halodytes (Nyl.) Arnold, Arthopyrenia halodytes var. halodytes (Nyl.) Arnold, Arthopyrenia halodytes var. hollii A.L. Sm., Arthopyrenia halodytes var. tenuicula (Wedd.) H. Olivier, Arthopyrenia kelpii Körb., Collemopsidium halodytes (Nyl.) Grube & B.D. Ryan nom. inval., Collemopsidium halodytes (Nyl.) Grube & B.D. Ryan, Leiophloea halodytes (Nyl.) Trevis., Paraphysothele halodytes (Nyl.) Keissl., Paraphysothele halodytes f. fusca (B. de Lesd.) Keissl., Paraphysothele halodytes f. halodytes (Nyl.) Keissl., Paraphysothele halodytes f. tenuicula (Wedd.) Keissl., Pseudarthopyrenia gyalectoides (M. Knowles ex A.L. Sm.) Keissl., Thelidium halodytes (Nyl.) Erichsen, Thelidium halodytes f. halodytes (Nyl.) Erichsen, Thelidium halodytes f. tenuiculum (Wedd.) Erichsen, Verrucaria consequens Nyl., Verrucaria fluctigena Nyl., Verrucaria halodytes Nyl., Verrucaria kelpii (Körb.) Sandst., Verrucaria litoralis var. consequens (Nyl.) Wedd., Verrucaria litoralis var. halodytes (Nyl.) Wedd., Verrucaria litoralis var. tenuicula Wedd.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 65631 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64747 [CDS]
Pyrenographa irregularis (Wehm.) R.C. Harris
[Phaeopeltosphaeria irregularis Wehm.]
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, native, indigenous, a possible synonym is Pyrenographa xylographoides Aptroot (with submuriform spores, see comments in Harris 1995); basionym: Phaeopeltosphaeria irregularis Wehmeyer; Type. ECUADOR. Galapagos: South Seymour Island, on dead, decorticated wood of Bursera graveolens, 6 Sep 1945, Martin 6251 (NY, isotype), source: Aptroot (1991, as Pyrenographa xylographoides ), Harris (1995), Martin (1948)
Pyrenopsis portoricensis Zahlbr.
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 6006 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5241 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5224 [CDS]
Pyrenothrix nigra Riddle
[Lichenothrix riddlei Henssen, Pleosphaeria lichenothricis Henssen]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7057 E [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64709 C [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7059 B [CDS]
Pyrenula adacta Fée
[Parathelium martinicanum Vain., Pyrenula adacta var. adacta Fée, Pyrenula caraibica Aptroot & Etayo, Pyrenula marginatula Müll.Arg., Pyrenula martinicana (Vain.) R.C. Harris]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Aptroot, A. 64642 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10436 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65436 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8317 [CDS]
Pyrenula aggregata (Fée) Fée
[Melanotheca aggregata (Fée) Müll. Arg., Pyrenula costaricensis Müll.Arg., Spermatodium aggregatum (Fée) Trevis., Verrucaria aggregata f. aggregata Fée]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Aptroot, A. 64687 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63179 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63140 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6897 [CDS]
Pyrenula anomala (Ach.) Vain.
[Melanotheca achariana Fée, Melanotheca anomala (Ach.) A. Massal., Mycoporum anomalum (Ach.) Trevis., Pyrenula achariana (Fée) Vain., Pyrenula achariana var. achariana (Fée) Vain., Pyrenula achariana var. angolensis Vain., Trypethelium anomalum Ach., Trypethelium anomalum f. anomalum Ach., Trypethelium anomalum var. anomalum Ach., Trypethelium anomalum var. leucostomum Nyl., Trypethelium anomalum var. obscurescens (Vain.) Zahlbr.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Aptroot, A. 65182 [CDS], Nugra, F. 62 [CDS]
Pyrenula aspistea (Afzel. ex Ach.) Ach.
[Polyblastia aspistea (Afzel. ex Ach.) Trevis., Pyrenula aquila R.C. Harris, Pyrenula nitida var. aspistea (Afzel. ex Ach.) Trevis., Verrucaria aspistea Afzel. ex Ach., Verrucaria nitida subsp. aspistea (Afzel. ex Ach.) Nyl.]
native, indigenous, specimen in COLO: Itow (L-40634), det. Aptroot, 1991; specimens in CDS identified by Aptroot as P. aspistea were misidentifications of Pyrenula costaricensis according to annotations by R. Miranda, 2010, source: synonyms in Aptroot (2012), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1993); Ertz, D. 11734 [CDS]
Pyrenula astroidea (Fée) R.C. Harris
[Heufleria pentagrastica Müll. Arg., Heufleridium pentagastricum (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg., Parmentaria astroidea Fée, Verrucaria aspistea var. astroidea (Fée) Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012), source: Weber (1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1731A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10127 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6627 [CDS], Miranda, R. 949 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula bahiana Malme
[Pyrenula crystalligera H. Magn.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, all Galapagos specimens have 3-septate spores and belong to P. bahiana (Aptroot 2012), not as previously reported by Weber (1993) as P. concatervans; specimens in COLO: Santa Cruz: Herre 41 (L-41177), Weber (L-40220), Itow (L-40728), Fernandina: Cavagnaro (L-40469), Floreana: Weber & Lanier (L-62944), source: Weber (1993; as Pyrenula concatervans), Aptroot (2012); Bungartz, F. 9284 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7689 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9465 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6916 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula cerina Eschw.
native, indigenous, species not included in the key by Aptroot (2012), only listed as accepted in the appendix, source: synonyms in Aptroot (2012), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Farlow (1902), Weber (1966, 1986); Bungartz, F. 6995 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9020 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10731 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1560 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula cocoes Müll.Arg.
native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012), F. Bungartz & R. Miranda: most previous reports were based on misidentifications, but two specimens belong to P. cocoës, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1993); Aptroot, A. 64686 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63218 A [CDS]
Pyrenula confinis (Nyl.) R.C. Harris
[Anthracothecium confine (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Anthracothecium corticatum Müll.Arg., Bottaria confinis (Nyl.) Vain., Pyrenula corticata (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Harris, Sporodictyon confine (Nyl.) Trevis., Verrucaria confinis Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Aptroot, A. 63247 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10016 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8402 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63250 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula cruenta (Mont.) Vain.
[Melanotheca connivens (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Melanotheca cruenta (Mont.) Müll.Arg., Melanotheca ornata Müll.Arg., Melanotheca rubra (C. Knight) C. Knight, Melanotheca subincruenta (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Pyrenula circumrubens (Nyl.) B. de Lesd., Pyrenula circumrubens var. circumrubens (Nyl.) B. de Lesd., Pyrenula circumrubens var. rubrotecta (Stirt.) Shirley, Stromatothelium cruentum (Mont.) Trevis., Trypethelium cinnabarinum C. Knight ex F.M. Bailey, Trypethelium connivens Stirt., Trypethelium cruentatum Nyl., Trypethelium cruentum Mont., Trypethelium cruentum var. subdecolor Nyl., Trypethelium rubescens C. Knight, Trypethelium rubrum C. Knight, Trypethelium subincruentum Nyl., Verrucaria circumrubens Nyl., Verrucaria circumrubens var. circumrubens Nyl., Verrucaria circumrubens var. rubrotecta Stirt.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012), source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Ertz, D. 11603 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-31 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64593 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7118 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula dermatodes (Borrer) Schaer.
[Pseudopyrenula galactina Shirley, Pyrenula achroopora (Nyl.) Arnold, Pyrenula glabratula (Nyl.) Arnold, Pyrenula lucifera R.C. Harris, Pyrenula nitida var. dermatodes (Borrer) Trevis., Verrucaria achroopora Nyl., Verrucaria dermatodes Borrer, Verrucaria glabrata var. dermatodes (Borrer) Leight., Verrucaria glabratula Nyl., Verrucaria nitida var. dermatodes (Borrer) Leight.]
native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Bungartz, F. 7548 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63178 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6903 [CDS], Nugra, F. 63 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula erumpens R.C. Harris
[Parathelium emergens Nyl. ex Müll. Arg.]
native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); specimen in COLO: Santa Cruz, on Pisonia, Itow (L-40623), det. Aprtoot, 1991, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1993); Aptroot, A. 64638 [CDS]
Pyrenula fetivica (Krempelh.) Müll.Arg.
[Pyrenula citriformis R.C. Harris, Pyrenula sandwicensis Zahlbr., Pyrenula subcongruens Müll.Arg., Verrucaria fetivica Kremp.]
native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Bungartz, F. 4989 [CDS]
Pyrenula massariospora (Starbäck) R.C. Harris
[Clypeosphaeria massariospora Starbäck, Pseudopyrenula majuscula H. Magn., Starbaeckiella massariospora (Starbäck) Syd. & P. Syd.]
native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Hillmann, G. GAL-44 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65118 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5589 [CDS], Hillmann, G. GAL-47 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula neosandwicensis Aptroot
[Anthracothecium sandwicense Zahlbr.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); in Galapagos previously treated as P. aff. duplicans; not indentical with Pyrenula sandwicensis Zahlbr., which is a synonym of P. fetivica (Kempelh.) Müll. Arg.; Aptroot, A. 63799 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11735 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9292 A [CDS], Nugra, F. 235 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula nitidula (Bres.) R.C. Harris
[Anthracothecium dimorphum (Vain.) Zahlbr., Bottaria dimorpha Vain., Melanomma nitidulum Bres., Melanotheca griseola (Vain.) Zahlbr., Pyrenula andamanica Ajay Singh & Upreti, Pyrenula cinereoglauca Zahlbr., Pyrenula dealbata (C. Knight) Müll. Arg., Pyrenula griseola Vain., Pyrenula paraensis Müll.Arg., Pyrenula platysporella Zahlbr., Pyrenula plittii R.C. Harris, Pyrenula subsimplex Vain., Verrucaria inflata Stirt.]
native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Bungartz, F. 6660 [CDS]
Pyrenula ochraceoflava (Nyl.) R.C. Harris
[Anthracothecium ochraceoflavum (Nyl.) Müll. Arg., Pyrenula ochraceoflava var. pacifica P.M. McCarthy, Sporodictyon ochraceoflavum (Nyl.) Trevis., Verrucaria ochraceoflava Nyl., Verrucaria ochraceoflava f. ochraceoflava Nyl.]
native, indigenous, synonyms listed in Aptroot (2012), but note that according to Miranda et al. (2022) P. ochraceoflava remains a poorly resolved species complex, in Mexico specimens with parietin, in Brazil and the Cook Islands with 7-chloroemodin, but in the Galapagos characterized by traces of fragilin, atranorin and norstictic acid; most Galapagos specimens have the larger spores of P. ochraceoflava, few may belong to P. ochraceoflavens, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Stewart (1912), Weber (1966, 1986); synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Guézou, A. 222 A [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1880 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4470 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9021 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula ochraceoflavens (Nyl.) R.C. Harris
[Anthracothecium ochraceoflavens (Nyl.) Müll. Arg., Bottaria ochraceoflavens (Nyl.) Vain., Bottaria ochraceoflavens subsp. ochraccoflavens (Nyl.) Vain., Verrucaria ochraceoflavens Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); F. Bungartz & R. Miranda: very few specimens deviate significantly in spore size from P. ochraceoflava; according to Miranda et al. (2022) P. ochraceoflava remains a poorly resolved species complex; Bungartz, F. 10084 [CDS], Nugra, F. 872 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6447 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 2003 [CDS], more...
Pyrenula quassiicola Fée
[Anthracothecium olivaceocinereum Vain., Leiophloea vitrea (Eschw.) Trevis., Melanotheca rizalensis (Vain.) Zahlbr., Parmentaria papillata (C. Knight) Shirley, Pyrenula adacta var. cinerascens (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Pyrenula albidopunctata Zahlbr., Pyrenula baileyi (C. Knight) Shirley, Pyrenula bonariensis Malme, Pyrenula chungii Zahlbr., Pyrenula coerulescens Müll.Arg., Pyrenula crassescens (Stirt.) Müll. Arg., Pyrenula defossa Müll.Arg., Pyrenula emergens (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Pyrenula emersa Malme, Pyrenula endostega Müll.Arg., Pyrenula eucalypta Vain., Pyrenula euphorbiae Vain., Pyrenula ferax Müll.Arg., Pyrenula fissa H. Magn., Pyrenula flaventior (Stirt.) Müll. Arg., Pyrenula fulvescens Malme, Pyrenula gibberosa Vain., Pyrenula glaziovii Müll.Arg., Pyrenula homalisma (C. Knight) D.J. Galloway, Pyrenula kelungana Zahlbr., Pyrenula mammillaris (Hepp) Zahlbr., Pyrenula manhaviensis Zahlbr., Pyrenula marmorata Müll.Arg., Pyrenula mastophorizans Müll.Arg., Pyrenula mozambica Vain., Pyrenula nebulosa Zahlbr., Pyrenula nitidans Müll.Arg., Pyrenula obscura Räsänen, Pyrenula obscurata Müll.Arg., Pyrenula obscurior Vain., Pyrenula oculifera Vain., Pyrenula olivaceofusca Müll.Arg., Pyrenula pallidofulvescens Vain., Pyrenula parvula Müll.Arg., Pyrenula pertusarina Zahlbr., Pyrenula pinguis var. emergens (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Pyrenula plumbea Malme, Pyrenula pseudovelata M. Choisy, Pyrenula pudica Zahlbr., Pyrenula pulchella var. cinerascens Müll.Arg., Pyrenula punctella var. emergens Müll.Arg., Pyrenula punctifera Vain., Pyrenula quassiaecola Fée [erroneous spelling], Pyrenula rizalensis Vain., Pyrenula subnitida Müll.Arg., Pyrenula subpunctella (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Pyrenula subvelata Müll.Arg., Pyrenula trombetana Vain., Pyrenula vanoverberghii Vain., Pyrenula virescens Müll.Arg., Pyrenula vitrea (Eschw.) Müll.Arg., Stigmatidium confluens C. Knight, Stigmatidium prominulum C. Knight, Trypethelium papillatum C. Knight, Verrucaria baileyi C. Knight, Verrucaria glabrata var. homalisma C. Knight, Verrucaria mastophora Nyl., Verrucaria quassiaecola Fée, Verrucaria subnitida Nyl., Verrucaria subpunctella Nyl., Verrucaria vitrea Eschw.]
native, indigenous, synonyms in Aptroot (2012); Rivas Plata, E. 4036 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4316 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4007 A [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10806 [CDS], more...
Pyrgidium montellicum (Beltr.) Tibell
[Acolium montellicum Beltr., Cyphelium montellicum (Beltr.) Trevis., Cyphelium sessile var. montellicum (Beltr.) Keissl., Pyrgillus caliciisporus F. Wilson]
native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 4688 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7315 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10068 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11728 [CDS]
Pyrgillus javanicus (Mont. & v. d. Bosch) Nyl.
[Acolium javanicum (Nyl.) Stizenb., Calicium javanicum (Nyl.) Mont. & Bosch, Pyrgillus australiensis F. Wilson, Trachylia javanica (Nyl.) Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Aptroot, A. 63999 [CDS]
Pyxine berteroana (Fée) Imshaug
[Circinaria berteroana Fée, Pyxine berteriana (Fée) Imshaug, Pyxine berteroana var. berteroana (Fée) Imshaug, Pyxine cocoes var. endoxantha Müll.Arg., Pyxine meissneri Tuck., Pyxine meissneri subsp. meissneri Tuck., Pyxine meissneri var. meissneri Tuck., Pyxine meissnerina Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, the spelling P. berteriana is an orthographical error. Even though Fée published the basionym as Circinaria berteriana the name refers to Carlo Luigi Giuseppe Bertero and the epithet must therefore correctly be spelled "berteroana", not "berteriana" (ICN Art. 60.1.), source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986)
Pyxine caesiopruinosa (Tuck.) Imshaug
[Pyxine cocoes var. caesiopruinosa Tuck., Pyxine sorediata f. caesiopruinosa (Tuck.) Hue]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, previously rejected because of confusion in Jughbluth (2010) with P. subcinerea, source: Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 7132 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6641 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8676 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7788 [CDS], more...
Pyxine cocoes (Sw.) Nyl.
[Circinaria cocoes Fée, Coccocarpia pellita var. cocoes (Fée) Zahlbr., Lecidea cocoes (Sw.) Ach., Lichen cocoes Sw., Lobaria cocoes (Sw.) Räusch]
native, indigenous, source: Weber (1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 2075 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11640 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4460 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4909 [CDS], more...
Pyxine endolutea Kalb
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 4726 [CDS]
Pyxine eschweileri (Tuck.) Vain.
[Phragmopyxine eschweileri (Tuck.) Clem., Pyxine cocoes var. eschweileri Tuck., Pyxine niveomarginata B. de Lesd., Pyxine rosacea Zahlbr., Pyxine sorediata var. eschweileri (Tuck.) Tuck.]
native, indigenous, source: Weber (1986); Aptroot, A. 65276 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9350 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-134 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4423 [CDS], more...
Pyxine subcinerea Stirton
[Physcia melanenta C. Knight, Pyxine chrysanthoides Vain., Pyxine chrysanthoides f. chrysanthoides Vain., Pyxine meissneri f. sorediosa (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg., Pyxine meissneri var. sorediosa Müll.Arg.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, according to Elix & McCarthy (1998) the records of Pyxine caesiopruinosa in Weber (1986) belong here; A. Aptroot (pers. comm.) suspects that reports of P. connectens might also belong here, but all COLO specimens identified by W.A. Weber are fertile specimens of P. cocoes, source: Weber (1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Bungartz, F. 7235 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7253 [CDS]
Racoplaca maculata (Cooke & Massee) S.H. Jiang, Lücking & J.C. Wei
[Micropeltis maculata Cooke & Massee, Strigula maculata (Cooke & Massee) R. Sant.]
native, indigenous; Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10657 H [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8282 B [CDS]
Ramalina anceps Nyl.
[Ramalina pollinaria var. anceps (Nyl.) Trevis.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 8568 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-188 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63942 [CDS], Nugra, F. 926 [CDS], more...
Ramalina aspera Räsänen
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, in Weber (1986) as Ramalina denticulata, fide Aptroot & Bungartz (2007), source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007), Brodo et al. (2001), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 7274 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4807 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6010 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64132 B [CDS], more...
Ramalina camptospora Nyl.
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007); Nugra, F. 443 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65739 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-128 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64151 B [CDS], more...
Ramalina complanata (Sw.) Ach.
[Lichen complanatus Sw., Ramalina calicaris f. complanata (Sw.) Nyl., Ramalina calicaris var. complanata (Sw.) Nyl., Roccella complanata (Sw.) Darb., Roccella complanata var. complanata (Sw.) Darb.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, syn.: Ramalina indica auct. non Fr., R. subasperata auct. non Nyl., R. interponens auct. non Nyl., R. subfraxinea auct. non Nyl., fide Elix & McCarthy (1998), source: Dodge (1936), Stewart (1912), Farlow (1902), Weber (1966, 1981, 1986), Aptroot & Bungartz (2007), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Nugra, F. 875 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64227 A [CDS], Jaramillo, P. 3023 B [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63941 [CDS], more...
Ramalina darwiniana Aptroot & Bungartz
native, questionably endem., Benítez et al. (2019) reported R. darwiniana also from continental Ecuador, presumabls the typical variety, but these specimens from the continent should be re-examined, source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007)
Ramalina darwiniana var. darwiniana Aptroot & Bungartz
native, questionably endem., Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Plaza Sur Island, 0°34'59''S, 90°9'54''W, alt. 1 m, coastal zone; eastern part with scattered and low vegetation of Sesuvium portulacastrum & Tiquilia galapagoa with occasional Opuntia, western part also with scattered shrubs of Grabowskia boerhaaviaefolia, Maytenus octogona, and Castela galapageia, on wood, twig, 21 February 2006, Aptroot, A. 64433 (CDS no. 31001 ‒ holotype!; hb. Aptroot ‒ isotype) ; the species was until recently considered endemic to the Galapagos, but Benítez et al. (2019) reported R. darwiniana also from continental Ecuador, the records upon which these reports are based need to be re-examined, source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007); Aptroot, A. 63697 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9231 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64164 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7165 [CDS], more...
Ramalina peruviana Ach.
[Desmazieria peruviana (Ach.) Follmann & Huneck, Fistulariella javanica (Nyl.) Bowler & Rundel, Ramalina farinacea var. dendroides Müll.Arg., Ramalina farinacea var. squarrosa Müll.Arg., Ramalina javanica Nyl., Ramalina roesleri var. isidiotyla Vain.]
native, indigenous, source: Landrón (1972), Aptroot & Bungartz (2007), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1981, 1986); Nugra, F. 521 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63938 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6918 [CDS], Nugra, F. 873 [CDS], more...
Ramalina polyforma Aptroot
endemic to Galapagos, IUCN: Vulnerable A3b,c (preliminary assessment); Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Cruz, on coastal lava cliffs E of Puerto Ayora near Charles Darwin Research Station, 20 m alt., 29-May-2005, Aptroot, A. 63412 (CDS 30176 ‒ holotype!; hb. Aptroot ‒ isotype), source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007); Aptroot, A. 64369 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-73 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64158 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7154 [CDS], more...
Ramalina sorediantha Nyl.
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1981, 1986); Bungartz, F. 8955 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63967 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10667 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63744 B [CDS], more...
Ramalina sorediosa (B. de Lesd.) Landrón
[Ramalina dasypoga var. sorediosa B. de Lesd.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, In Weber (1986) as Ramalina furcellata, fide Aptroot & Bungartz (2007); in Stewart (1912) & Weber (1966, 1981) as Ramalina farinacea; in Dodge (1936) & Weber (1966) as Ramalina dasypoga, source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007), Dodge (1936), Kashiwadani & Kalb (1993), Landrón (1972), Stewart (1912), Weber (1966, 1981, 1986); Bungartz, F. 5070 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63225 A [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63745 A [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63318 [CDS], more...
Ramalina usnea (L.) R. Howe
[Alectoria usneoides (Ach.) Ach., Lichen usnea L., Parmelia usneoides Ach., Ramalina usneoides (Ach.) Mont., Ramalina usneoides var. usneoides Mont.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, according to Weber (1966) cited from Galapagos in Stewart (1912) and Linder (1934) as Alectoria sarmentosa, source: Landrón (1972), Aptroot & Bungartz (2007), Dodge (1936), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Linder (1934), Stewart (1912), Weber (1966, 1981, 1986); Jaramillo, P. 2878 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5168 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. GAL-447 A [CDS], Luong, T.T. s.n. [CDS], more...
Ramboldia heterocarpa (Fée) Kalb, Lumbsch & Elix
[Lecidea heterocarpa Fée, Lecidea russula var. heterocarpa (Fée) Müll.Arg.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7744 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11964 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6788 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7794 [CDS], more...
Ramonia valenzueliana (Mont.) Stizenb.
[Gyalecta valenzueliana (Mont.) Tuck., Maronea porinoidea Zahlbr., Parmelia valenzueliana Mont., Secoliga valenzueliana (Mont.) Müll.Arg.]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64930 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65300 [CDS]
Redonographa galapagoensis Bungartz & Lücking
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 5208 [CDS 29421], source: Lücking et al. (2103), Bungartz et al. (2009), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1993); Bungartz, F. 5208 [CDS]
Redonographa saxorum (Egea & Torrente) Lücking & Tehler
[Carbacanthographis saxorum (Egea & Torrente) Lücking & Bungartz, Graphis saxorum Egea & Torrente]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2009) and Lücking et al. (2103)
Remototrachyna costaricensis (Nyl.) Divakar & A. Crespo
[Canoparmelia cassa Marcelli & C.H. Ribeiro, Hypotrachyna congenita Kurok. & K.H. Moon, Hypotrachyna costaricensis (Nyl.) Hale, Parmelia amoena Zahlbr., Parmelia costaricensis Nyl., Parmelia deformis (Vain.) Vain., Parmelia hypotrachyna Nyl., Parmelia sublaevigata f. isidiosa Müll. Arg., Parmelia tropica Vain., Parmelia tropica var. deformis Vain., Parmelia tropica var. tropica Vain., Parmelinella inexplicabilis Marcelli & C.H. Ribeiro]
native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Aptroot, A. 64506 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63172 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63790 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65318 [CDS]
Rinodina colobinoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
[Lecanora colobinoides Nyl., Lecanora erysiphaea Nyl., Rinodina erysiphaea (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Rinodina guianensis Aptroot, Rinodina sipmanii Aptroot, Rinodina sorediata H. Magn.]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Aptroot, A. 65451 [CDS]
Rinodina cryptolecanorina Bungartz & Giralt
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Weber 433 [COLO 190377; L-40874], source: Bungartz et al. (2016)
Rinodina diminutiva Giralt & Elix
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Aptroot 63706 [CDS 30261], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Aptroot, A. 64205 B [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63706 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9212 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63702 [CDS]
Rinodina guianensis Aptroot
[Lecanora colobinoides Nyl., Lecanora erysiphaea Nyl., Rinodina colobinoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Rinodina erysiphaea (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Rinodina sipmanii Aptroot, Rinodina sorediata H. Magn.]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 10444 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9146 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10389 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10390 [CDS]
Rinodina intermedia Bagl.
[Rinodina darrowii E. D. Rudolph, Rinodina sabulosa Tuck.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 4153 [CDS]
Rinodina lepida (Nyl.) Müll.Arg.
[Huriopsis lepida (Nyl.) S.Y. Kondr. & Lőkös, Lecanora lepida Nyl., Lecidea lepida Nyl., Rinodina flavonigella Tuck.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 8663 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7726 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7412 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7565 [CDS], more...
Rinodina oxydata (A. Massal.) A. Massal.
[Berengeria oxydata A. Massal., Buellia discolor (Hepp) Anzi, Buellia discolor var. discolor (Hepp) Anzi, Lecidea discolor Hepp, Mischoblastia oxydata A. Massal., Rinodina biatorina Körb., Rinodina discolor (Hepp) Arnold, Rinodina discolor var. discolor (Hepp) Arnold, Rinodina subarenaria A.L. Sm.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 4705 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63712 B [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64991 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4696 [CDS], more...
Rinodina rinodinoides (Anzi) H. Mayrh. & Scheidegger
[Buellia rinodinoides Anzi, Lecidea rinodinoides (Anzi) Stizenb.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 4160 [CDS]
Rinodina subtubulata (C. Knight) Zahlbr.
[Blastenia subtubulata (C. Knight) Müll. Arg., Lecidea subtubulata C. Knight]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 6515 A [CDS]
Roccella galapagoensis Follmann
[Roccella capitata B. Werner nom. inval., Roccella colonii Follmann, Roccella fusca B. Werner pro syn. et nom. nud., Roccella geniculata Follmann & B. Werner, Roccella glebaria B. Werner & Follmann, Roccella obscurissima Follmann & B. Werner]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype of R. galapagoensis: Weber, W.A. s.n. [L-39130, B-128674 (Follmann, G. 25153); holotype of R. colonii: Weber, W.A. s.n. & Lanier, J. (COLO-294638); holotype of R. geniculata (= R. fusca nom. nud.): Pike 2519 (COLO-255637); holotype of R. glebaria: Sánchez-Pinto 6610-C [B-128667 (should be in TFMC 6610-C)]; holotype of R. obscurissima: Sánchez-Pinto 5070 (B-128640, previously in KOELN 34029); original material of Roccella capitata nom. inval.: Sánchez-Pinto 6609 (B-128701), source: Weber (1981, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Schofield (1984), Follmann (2001), Tehler (2007), Tehler et al. (2009); Weber, W.A. s.n. [CDS], Tehler, A. 8769 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8697 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8732 [CDS], more...
Roccella gracilis Bory
[Roccella babingtonii Mont., Roccella difficilis Darb., Roccella humboldtiana Follmann, Roccella mexicana Vain., Roccella montagnei var. peruensis Kremp., Roccella peruensis (Kremp.) Darb.]
native, indigenous, two collections in FH (Baur sn. FH 197350 and FH 197352, both collections from Floreana) identified as Roccella intricata Mont. are misidentifications of R. gracilis; A Tehler: Roccella intricata Mont. (= Roccellaria mollis (Hampe) Zahlbr.) is the type for the name Roccellaria Dar.; there is only one species in the genus and it is endemic to Chile; specimens from Galapagos are misidentifications, source: Darbishire (1935), Dodge (1935, 1936), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Farlow (1902), Stewart (1912), Tehler (2002), Tehler et al. (2009), Weber (1966, 1981, 1986); Bungartz, F. 4558 [CDS], Jaramillo, P. 3003 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8687 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6075 [CDS], more...
Roccella margaritifera B. Werner & Follmann
[Roccella margaritifera f. octopodioides B. Werner nom. inval., Roccella octopodioides Follmann nom. nud.]
endemic to Galapagos, according to Tehler (2009) the type of Roccella margaritifera is: Galapagos Islands, San Cristóbal, Lobería Pto Baquerizo, 1991, Sánchez-Pinto 6616 [holotype: B-128629 (Follmann no. 34900); isotype: TFMC], and the original material (not a type, because nom.nud. & nom. inval.) of 'R. octopodioides' Follmann nom inval. (= 'Roccella margaritifera f. octopodioides B. Werner nom. inval.) is: Galapagos Islands, Santa Cruz, Cerro Colorado, 1990, Sánchez-Pinto 7001 (B-128627) [transferred from KOELN 34900], source: Werner (2000), Follmann (2001), Tehler et al. (2009), Tehler (2007); Aptroot, A. 63417 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5398 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8755 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-277 [CDS], more...
Roccella nigerrima (Darb.) Follmann
[Roccella botrytis B. Werner pro syn. et nom. superfl., Roccella floreana B. Werner nom. orth., pro. syn. et nom superfl., Roccella floribrassica B. Werner, Roccella floteana Follmann nom. nud. et nom. laps, Roccella incurvata B. Werner pro syn. et nom. superfl., Roccella kappeniana Follmann & B. Werner, Roccella stipitata B. Werner & Follmann, Roccella translucida Follmann & B. Werner, Roccellodea nigerrima Darb.]
endemic to Galapagos, Lectotype selected by Tehler (2007): Hill s.n. (FH), source: Follmann (2001), Tehler (2007), Tehler et al. (2009); Tehler, A. 8707 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4476 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8789 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8746 [CDS], more...
Roccellina leptothalla (Malme) Ertz & Tehler
[Chiodecton leptothallum Malme, Sigridea leptothalla (Malme) Tehler]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Aptroot & Sparrius (2008)
Roccellographa circumscripta (Leight.) Ertz & Tehler
[Peterjamesia circumscripta (Leight.) D. Hawksw., Sagedia circumscripta Leight., Sclerophyton circumscriptum (Taylor) Zahlbr., Sclerophyton circumscriptum f. circumscriptum (Leight.) Zahlbr., Sclerophyton circumscriptum f. dendrizum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Sclerophytonomyces circumscripti var. circumscripti Cif. & Tomas., Sclerophytonomyces circumscriptus Sparrius & P. James, Sclerophytonomyces circumscriptus var. circumscriptus Sparrius & P. James, Stigmatella circumscripta (Leight.) Mudd, Stigmatidium circumscriptum f. circumscriptum (Leight.) Carroll, Stigmatidium circumscriptum f. dendrizum Nyl., Verrucaria circumscripta Taylor]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Aptroot & Sparrius (2008), Ertz & Tehler (2010); Bungartz, F. 8841 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6691 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5214 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3603 [CDS], more...
Sanguinotrema wightii (Taylor) Lücking
[Endocarpon baileyi Stirt., Endocarpon wightii Taylor, Leptotrema baileyi (Stirt.) Shirley, Leptotrema ravenelii (Tuck.) Fink, Leptotrema wightii (Taylor) Müll. Arg., Leptotrema wightii f. wightii (Taylor) Müll. Arg., Leptotrema wightii var. wightii (Taylor) Müll. Arg., Myriotrema wightii (Taylor) Hale, Phaeotrema wightii (Taylor) Zahlbr., Thelotrema ravenelii Tuck., Thelotrema wightii (Taylor) Nyl., Thelotrema wightii subsp. ravenelii (Tuck.) Tuck.]
native, indigenous, source: Weber (1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Weber, W. A [MSC], Weber, W. A [MSC], Sipman, H. 31 [MIN], W. A. Weber L-40539 [WIS], more...
Sarcographa medusulina (Nyl.) Müll.Arg.
[Glyphis medusulina Nyl., Graphis medusulina (Nyl.) Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous
Sarcographa ramificans (Kremp.) Staiger
[Graphis ramificans Nyl., Phaeographina ramificans (Kremp.) Zahlbr.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2009); Bungartz, F. 3282 [CDS]
Sarcographa tricosa (Ach.) Müll.Arg.
[Asterisca tricosa (Ach.) Zenker, Glyphis tricosa (Ach.) Ach., Glyphis tricosa var. tricosa (Ach.) Ach., Graphis tricosa Ach., Medusula tricosa (Ach.) Mont., Opegrapha tricosa (Ach.) Stizenb.]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2009); Bungartz, F. 9853 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4889 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9935 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1492 [CDS]
Segestria leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) R.C. Harris
[Arthopyrenia lectissima var. leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) Boistel, Arthopyrenia leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) H. Olivier, Biatora leptalea Durieu & Mont., Bilimbia leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) Trevis., Lecidea vernalis var. leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) Nyl., Porina leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) A.L. Sm., Porina leptaleella (Nyl.) Lettau, Porinula leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) Flagey, Segestrella lectissima f. leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) P. Syd., Segestria lectissima f. leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) Blomb. & Forssell, Verrucaria lectissima f. leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) Nyl., Verrucaria lectissima var. leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) Nyl., Verrucaria leptalea Stirt., Verrucaria leptalea var. obscuriuscula Nyl. ex P. Crouan & H. Crouan, Verrucaria leptaleella Nyl.]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 63345 [CDS]
Sphinctrina leucopoda Nyl.
[Calicium kylemoriensis Larbal., Calicium leucopodum (Nyl.) Tuck., Cyphelium kylemoriensis (Larbal.) Sacc., Sphinctrina kylemoriensis (Larbal. ex Leight.) Cromb., Sphinctrina pedata (Stenh.) R. Sant.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens); on Haematomma perssonii, native, indigenous, source: Etayo (2017); Ertz, D. 11672 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11644 [CDS]
Sphinctrina tubaeformis A. Massal.
[Calicium tubaeforme (A. Massal.) R.L. Seym., Cyphelium tubaeforme (A. Massal.) A. Schneid., Sphinctrina tubiformis A. Massal. [erroneous spelling], Sphinctrina turbinata var. microcephala (Nyl.) Mudd]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens); on Pertusaria darwiniana, source: Etayo (2017); Bungartz, F. 5897 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10757 [CDS]
Sporopodium citrinum (Zahlbr.) Elix, Lumbsch & Lücking
[Lopadium citrinum Zahlbr., Sporopodium leprieurii var. citrinum (Zahlbr.) R. Sant.]
native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 8288 C [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64710 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8625 B [CDS]
Sporopodium leprieurii Mont.
native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 7058 C [CDS]
Squamulea flakusii (Wilk) Arup, Søchting & Bungartz
[Huriella flakusii Wilk]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2020b); Aptroot, A. 65261 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4157 [CDS]
Squamulea humboldtiana Bungartz & Søchting
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, Holotype: Bungartz, F. 4711 B [CDS 56235], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b); Bungartz, F. 3581 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65488 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9985 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65718 B [CDS], more...
Squamulea osseophila Søchting & Bungartz
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, Holotype: Aptroot, A. 65489 [CDS 32078], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b); Aptroot, A. 64900 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65488 A [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64203 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65489 [CDS]
Squamulea subsoluta (Nyl.) Arup, Søchting & Frödén
[Blastenia novomexicana Fink ex J. Hedrick, Callopisma americanum Malme, Callopisma aurantiacum var. irrubescens Arnold, Callopisma irrubescens (Arnold) Arnold, Caloplaca americana (Malme) Zahlbr., Caloplaca aurantia var. irrubescens (Arnold) Jatta, Caloplaca irrubescens (Arnold) Zahlbr., Caloplaca modesta (Zahlbr.) Fink, Caloplaca novomexicana (Fink) ined., Caloplaca subsoluta (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Caloplaca subsoluta f. subsoluta (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecanora murorum var. subsoluta Nyl., Lecanora subsoluta (Nyl.) Nyl., Physcia subsoluta (Nyl.) Arnold, Placodium americanum (Malme) Räsänen, Placodium aurantiacum subsp. irrubescens (Arnold) A.L. Sm., Placodium subsolutum (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Teloschistes modestus (Zahlbr.) Fink, Xanthoria modesta Zahlbr.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, Bungartz et al. (2020b): The name is here applied in the widest sense. Material includes both specimens that more closely resemble the barely squamulose morphotypes of S. subsoluta s.str., as well as others that are distinctly squamulose and thus more closely resemble S. aff. squamosa. Although some Galapagos material phylogenetically seems to be part of S. subsoluta s.str., most specimens are part of various different other clades. They cannot presently adequately be assigned to any named taxon within Squamulea., source: Bungartz et al. (2020b); Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10738 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10514 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7428 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4131 [CDS], more...
Stereocaulon azulense Yoshim. & W.A. Weber
endemic to Galapagos, Syntypes: Weber s.n. & Beck (Lich Exs. COLO 645; not clearly designates which exsiccati specimen is the holotype), source: Weber (1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Bungartz, F. 8432 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63170 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7421 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8335 C [CDS], more...
Stereocaulon microcarpum Müll.Arg.
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1981, 1986); Weber, W. A 130574 [MSC], W.A. Weber s.n. [WIS], W.A. Weber... 1976-04-15 [UPS], William A. Weber s.n. [LSU], more...
Sticta carolinensis McDonald
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: McDonald et al. (2003); Ertz, D. 11906 B [CDS]
Sticta fuliginosa (With.) Ach.
[Biatora fuliginosa (Dicks.) Fr., Biatora fuliginosa var. fuliginosa (Dicks.) Fr., Imbricaria olivacea var. fuliginosa (With.) Hazsl., Lichen fuliginosus With., Lichen fuliginosus Hoffm. nom. illegit., Lichen fuliginosus Dicks. nom. illegit., Parmelia dendritica var. fuliginosa (With.) Müll. Arg., Parmelia fuliginosa (With.) Schaer., Parmelia olivacea f. fuliginosa (With.) Th. Fr., Parmelia prolixa var. fuliginosa (With.) Nyl., Sticta sylvatica subsp. fuliginosa (With.) Fr., Sticta sylvatica var. fuliginosa (Hoffm.) Hepp, Stictina fuliginosa (With.) Nyl., Stictina fuliginosa f. firmior Cromb., Stictina fuliginosa f. fuliginosa (Dicks.) Nyl.]
native, indigenous, source: Weber (1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998), McDonald et al. (2003)
Sticta scabrosa subsp. scabrosa B. Moncada, Merc.-Díaz & Bungartz
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Moncada et al. (2020, 2021)
Sticta weigelii (Ach.) Vain.
[Sticta damicornis var. weigelii Ach., Sticta quercizans var. appendiculata Müll.Arg., Stictina quercizans var. ciliata Müll.Arg., Stictina quercizans var. gaudichaudii (Delise) Nyl., Stictina quercizans var. glaucovirens Jatta, Stictina quercizans var. leucoblephara Müll.Arg., Stictina quercizans var. peruviana (Delise) Nyl., Stictina quercizans var. quercizans (Delise) Nyl., Stictina quercizans var. schizophylliza Nyl., Stictina quercizans var. trichophora Müll.Arg., Stictina weigelii (Ach.) Stizenb., Stictina weigelii var. weigelii (Ach.) Stizenb.]
native, indigenous, in Stewart (1912) as Sticta quercizans, fide Weber (1966); in Weber (1966) as Sticta weigelii var. peruviana; Elix & McCarthy (1998) also consider S. quercizans a synonym, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Farlow (1902), Stewart (1912; as Sticta quercizans), Svenson (1935), Weber (1966, 1986); Bungartz, F. 10960 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8000 A [CDS]
Strigula nitidula Mont.
[Haploblastia nitidula (Mont.) Trevis.]
native, indigenous, Specimen in COLO: Santa Cruz: on leaves of Eugenia jambos, along trail to Horneman place just above Bellavista, 64131 p.p. (with Byssoloma subdiscordans), det. Vezda; F. Bungartz: specimen not seen!, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10657 D [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8288 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8276 C [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8281 D [CDS], more...
Strigula phyllogena (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Harris
[Phylloporina phyllogena (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Phylloporis phyllogena (Müll. Arg.) Clem., Porina phyllogena Müll.Arg., Porinomyces phyllogenus (Müll. Arg.) Bat.]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64712 [CDS]
Strigula smaragdula Fr.
[Phyllocharis elegans Fée, Strigula elatior Stirt., Strigula elegans (Fée) Müll.Arg., Strigula elegans f. elegans (Fée) Müll.Arg., Strigula elegans subsp. elegans (Fée) Müll.Arg., Strigula elegans var. elatior (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Strigula elegans var. elegans (Fée) Müll.Arg., Strigula elegans var. eumorpha Müll.Arg.]
native, indigenous, F. Bungartz & R. Miranda: specimen material identified by R. Lücking is very poor; Rivas Plata, E. 4095 A [CDS]
Strigula subtilissima (Fée) Müll. Arg.
[Racoplaca subtilissima Fée]
native, indigenous, Specimen in COLO: Santa Cruz: on leaves of Eugenia jambos, along trail to Horneman place just above Bellavista, 64131 p.p. (with Byssoloma subdiscordans), det. Vezda, F. Bungartz: specimen not seen!, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986)
Sucioplaca diplacia (Ach.) Bungartz, Søchting & Arup
[Blastenia phaea (Tuck.) Müll.Arg., Callopisma diplacium (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Caloplaca diplacia (Ach.) Riddle, Caloplaca diplacia var. diplacia (Ach.) Riddle, Caloplaca diplacia var. phaea (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Caloplaca diplacioides (Vain.) Zahlbr., Caloplaca subdolosa (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Caloplaca subsequestra (Nyl.) Riddle, Lecania euthallina Riddle, Lecanora diplacia Ach., Lecanora phaea Tuck., Lecanora subdolosa Nyl., Lecanora subsequestra Nyl., Lecidea phaea (Tuck.) Hue, Patellaria diplacia (Ach.) Spreng., Placodium diplacioides Vain., Placodium diplacium (Ach.) Vain., Placodium diplacium var. diplacium (Ach.) Vain., Placodium phaeum (Tuck.) Tuck.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2020b); Clerc, P. 08-230 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9369 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64477 C [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10737 [CDS], more...
Swinscowia obtecta (Vain.) S.H. Jiang, Lücking & Sérus.
[Phyllobathelium obtectum (Vain.) H. Mayrhofer, Polyblastiopsis obtecta (Vain.) Zahlbr., Strigula obtecta (Vain.) R.C. Harris, Thelenella obtecta Vain.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64931 [CDS]
Synalissa mattogrossensis (Malme) Henssen
[Peccania mattogrossensis Malme, Synalissa matogrossensis (Malme) Henssen]
preliminary identification, F. Bungartz: material needs verification; Bungartz, F. 5243 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9100 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5222 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5225 [CDS], more...
Syncesia flavescens (Nyl.) Tehler
[Platygrapha flavescens Nyl., Schismatomma flavescens (Nyl.) Zahlbr.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, most Galapagos specimens originally identified as S. flavescens are misidentifications of Cryptothecia assimilis, one specimen collected by Lawrence Pike (Pike 2772, OSC 59840) belongs to S. flavescens; in addition to the characteristic Syncesia ascomata this specimen also hava a browish black, felt-like sporodochia otherwise typical for Tylophoron moderatum, specimens that lack these ascomata, but have sporodochia and a UV+ bright orange thallus were previously thought to be an anamorph of T. moderatum; Aptroot, A. 65438 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7109 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8520 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3901 A [CDS], more...
Syncesia leprobola Nyl. ex Tehler
[Chiodecton leprobolum Nyl. nom. nud.]
native, indigenous, source: Aptroot & Sparrius (2008), Bungartz et al. (2013), Weber (1986), Tehler (1997); Bungartz, F. 3939 [CDS], Nugra, F. 888 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10775 [CDS], Jonitz, H. 57 [CDS], more...
Taeniolella arthoniae (M.S. Christ. & D. Hawksw.) Heuchert & U. Braun
[Cladosporium arthoniae M.S. Christ. & D. Hawksw.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens); on Dirina pacifica, preliminary identification; Index Fungorum: anamorphic Davidiella, source: Etayo (2017); Aptroot, A. 65758 B [CDS]
Tapellaria epiphylla (Müll.Arg.) R. Sant.
[Lopadium epiphyllum Müll.Arg.]
native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 10455 A [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64609 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3945 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8283 A [CDS], more...
Tapellaria granulosa Lücking & Rivas Plata
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 3486 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63395 B [CDS]
Tapellaria leonorae M. Cáceres & Lücking
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Nugra, F. 910 B1 [CDS]
Tapellaria nigrata (Müll.Arg.) R. Sant.
[Bacidia rufula var. nigrata (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Patellaria rufula var. nigrata Müll.Arg.]
native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 8628 B [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64274 B [CDS], Rivas Plata, E. 4091 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7064 D [CDS], more...
Tapellaria phyllophila (Stirt.) R. Sant.
[Lecidea phyllophila Stirt., Lopadium phyllophilum (Stirt.) Müll. Arg.]
native, indigenous; Nugra, F. 525 [CDS]
Teloschistes chrysophthalmus (L.) Th. Fr.
[Borrera chrysophthalma (L.) Ach., Hagenia chrysophthalma (L.) Rabenh., Lichen chrysophthalmus L., Lobaria chrysophthalma (L.) Räuschel, Niorma chrysophthalma (L.) S.Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt, Elix, A. Thell, M.H. Jeong & Hur, Parmelia chrysophthalma (L.) Ach., Physcia chrysophthalma (L.) DC., Physcia chrysophthalma var. chrysophthalma (L.) DC., Physcia villosa var. dickieana Linds., Platysma denudatum Hoffm., Teloschistes chrysophthalmus f. chrysophthalmus (L.) Beltr., Teloschistes chrysophthalmus f. cinereus Müll. Arg., Teloschistes chrysophthalmus f. denudatus (Hoffm.) Hillmann, Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. chrysophthalmus (L.) Beltr., Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. cinereus Müll. Arg., Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. denudatus (Hoffm.) Müll.Arg., Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. dickieanus (Linds.) Zahlbr., Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. dilatatus (Stizenb.) Hillmann, Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. flavoalbidus (Kremp.) Malme, Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. hypoglaucoides Hillmann, Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. melanotrichus Maheu, Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. subpulvinaris Gyeln., Tornabenia chrysophthalma (L.) A. Massal., Xanthoanaptychia chrysophthalma (L.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria chrysophthalma (L.) Stizenb.]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2020b); Bungartz, F. 4422 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10681 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10679 [CDS], Ertz, D. 12017 [CDS], more...
Teloschistes flavicans (Sw.) Norman
[Alectoria epichrysa Stirt., Anaptychia flavicans (Sw.) A. Massal., Borrera acromela Pers., Borrera flavicans (Sw.) Ach., Borrera flavicans f. flavicans (Sw.) Ach., Borrera flavicans f. laeta Ach., Cornicularia crocea Ach., Cornicularia flavicans Pers., Evernia flavicans (Sw.) Fr., Evernia flavicans f. maxima Meyen & Flot. nom. inval., Evernia flavicans var. melanotricha Meyen & Flot., Lichen flavicans Sw., Lobaria flavicans (Sw.) Trevis., Parmelia chrysophthalma var. flavicans (Sw.) Eschw., Parmelia flavicans (Sw.) Ach., Physcia acromela (Pers.) Nyl., Physcia chrysophthalma var. flavicans (Sw.) Tuck., Physcia flavicans (Sw.) DC., Teloschistes acromelus (Pers.) Vain., Teloschistes capensis var. cinerascens (Stein) C.W. Dodge, Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. flavicans (Sw.) Tuck., Teloschistes flavicans f. cinerascens (Stein) Müll. Arg., Teloschistes flavicans f. flavicans (Sw.) Norman, Teloschistes flavicans f. hirtella Vain., Teloschistes flavicans f. hirtellus Vain., Teloschistes flavicans f. laetus (Ach.) Müll. Arg., Teloschistes flavicans f. uruguayensis Gyeln., Teloschistes flavicans var. acromelus (Pers.) Müll.Arg., Teloschistes flavicans var. compressus Js. Murray, Teloschistes flavicans var. croceus (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Teloschistes flavicans var. flavicans (Sw.) Norman, Teloschistes flavicans var. intermedius Müll. Arg., Teloschistes flavicans var. laetus (Ach.) Hillmann, Teloschistes flavicans var. maximus (Meyen & Flot.) Zahlbr., Teloschistes flavicans var. melanotrichus (Meyen & Flot.) Müll. Arg., Teloschistes flavicans var. roccelliformis Räsänen, Teloschistes flavicans var. tenuissima (Meyen & Flot.) Müll. Arg., Tornabenia flavicans (Sw.) A. Massal., Tornabenia flavicans f. cinerascens Stein, Tornabenia flavicans f. flavicans (Sw.) A. Massal., Xanthoria flavicans (Sw.) H. Olivier]
native, indigenous, source: Farlow (1902) , Stewart (1912), Dodge (1936), Weber (1966, 1981, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998), LeDee (2000), Bungartz (2020b); LeDee, O.E. OEL-00-07 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7121 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6601 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8541 [CDS], more...
Thamnolia vermicularis (Sw.) Ach. ex Schaer.
[Baeomyces vermicularis (Sw.) Ach., Cenomyce vermicularis (Sw.) Röhl., Cenomyce vermicularis var. vermicularis (Sw.) Ach., Cladonia amaurocraea var. vermicularis (Sw.) Flot., Cladonia gracilis var. vermicularis (Sw.) Mitt., Cladonia uncialis var. vermicularis (Sw.) Link, Cladonia vermicularis (Sw.) DC., Lichen vermicularis Sw., Patellaria fusca var. vermicularis (Sw.) Wallr., Patellaria turbinata f. leucitica Wallr., Pycnothelia vermicularis (Sw.) Dufour, Stereocaulon vermiculare (Sw.) Raeusch., Thamnolia subvermicularis Asah., Thamnolia subvermicularis f. subvermicularis Asahina, Thamnolia subvermicularis var. subvermicularis Asahina, Thamnolia vermicularis var. vermicularis (Sw.) Schaer.]
questionable, problematic; only a single specimen ever collected by F. Nugra in the highlands of Santa Cruz; the species was not found again despite intensive surveys of the area; Nugra, F. 446 [CDS]
Thelenella fugiens (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Harris
[Aspidothelium fugiens (Müll.Arg.) R. Sant., Lecania fugiens Müll.Arg.]
native, indigenous, F. Bungartz: in Weber (1986) erronously cited as Aspidophyllum fugiens; material Weber 285 (L-40433). The material was originally determined by Vezda, but with publication of Lücking (2008) the species concept has changed; the Galapagos specimens has perithecia with disk-like, dentate expansion and not setae or hairs and thus belongs to A. scutellicarpum; however, in 2014 the species was discovered growing on leaves (Bungartz, F. 7088 A), source: Weber (1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Lücking (2008); Bungartz, F. 7088 A [CDS]
Thelenella inductula (Nyl. ex Hasse) H. Mayrh.
[Microglaena inductula (Nyl.) Servít, Polyblastia inductula (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Polyblastiopsis inductula (Nyl.) Fink, Verrucaria inductula Nyl.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64895 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64805 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64896 [CDS]
Thelenella muscorum (Fries) Vain.
[Chromatochlamys muscorum (Fr.) H. Mayrh. & Poelt, Chromatochlamys muscorum var. muscorum, Chromatochlamys muscorum var. octospora (Nyl.) H. Mayrh. & Poelt, Microglaena holliana A.L. Sm., Microglaena muscorum (Fr.) Th. Fr., Microglaena muscorum f. muscorum (Fr.) Th. Fr., Microglaena muscorum f. octospora (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Microglaena muscorum var. muscorum (Fr.) Th. Fr., Microglaena muscorum var. octospora (Nyl.) Cretz., Thelenella muscorum var. muscorum (Fries) Vain., Thelenella muscorum var. octospora (Nyl.) Coppins & Fryday, Verrucaria muscicola var. octospora Nyl., Verrucaria muscorum Th. Fr. nom. illegit, Verrucaria muscorum Frege nom. illegit., Weitenwebera muscorum (Th. Fr.) Körb.]
native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64832 [CDS]
Thelenella sastreana R.C. Harris
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 4609 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4644 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3420 [CDS]
Thelopsis isiaca Stizenb.
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 63278 A [CDS]
Thelopsis rubella Nyl.
[Sagedia rubella (A. Massal.) Anzi, Verrucaria rubella (Nyl.) Leight. nom. illegit.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64338 [CDS]
Thelotrema lacteum Krempelh.
[Ocellularia annulosa Müll.Arg., Ocellularia cricota F. Wilson, Ocellularia zeorina Müll.Arg., Phaeotrema consimile Müll.Arg., Phaeotrema cricotum (F. Wilson) Müll. Arg., Phaeotrema lacteum (Kremp.) Müll. Arg., Thelotrema consimile (Müll. Arg.) Shirley]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Dal-Forno, M. 1165 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10166 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9625 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9277 [CDS], more...
Thelotrema monospermum R.C. Harris
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 9300 [CDS], Hillmann, G. GAL-15 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6890 [CDS]
Trapelia coarctata (Sm.) Choisy
[Biatora arridens (Nyl.) Walt. Watson, Biatora coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Th. Fr., Biatora coarctata f. albomarginata (Hazsl.) Oxner, Biatora coarctata f. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Th. Fr., Biatora coarctata f. terrestris Flot., Biatora coarctata subsp. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Th. Fr., Biatora coarctata var. biatoriza (Vain.) Räsänen, Biatora coarctata var. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Th. Fr., Biatora coarctata var. petractis Norman, Biatora coarctata var. trapelia (Ach.) Räsänen, Biatora coarctata var. valamoënsis (Vain.) Räsänen, Gasparrinia coarctata (Turner) Tornab., Lecanactis arridens Nyl., Lecanora coarctata (Turner) Ach., Lecanora coarctata f. albomarginata (Hazsl.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata f. coarctata (Turner) Ach., Lecanora coarctata f. cotaria Ach., Lecanora coarctata f. fulgiana Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata f. ochrinactella (Vain.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata f. sorediosa (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata f. subfumigata (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata subsp. angelica Parrique, Lecanora coarctata subsp. coarctata (Turner) Ach., Lecanora coarctata var. argilliseda Dufour ex Schaer., Lecanora coarctata var. biatoriza (Vain.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata var. coarctata (Turner) Ach., Lecanora coarctata var. exposita (Nyl.) Nyl., Lecanora coarctata var. expositella (Vain.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata var. fossulans Stizenb., Lecanora coarctata var. listrata Ach., Lecanora coarctata var. prominula Schaer., Lecanora coarctata var. trapelia (Ach.) Zahlbr., Lecidea arridens Nyl., Lecidea coarctata (Smith) Nyl., Lecidea coarctata f. albomarginata (Hazsl.) Szatala, Lecidea coarctata f. coarctata (Turner) Nyl., Lecidea coarctata f. deliciosula Th. Fr., Lecidea coarctata f. depauperata Leight., Lecidea coarctata f. fulgiana (Chevall.) Zahlbr., Lecidea coarctata f. prominula (Schaer.) Szatala, Lecidea coarctata f. sorediosa B. de Lesd., Lecidea coarctata f. subfumigata Nyl. ex Zwackh, Lecidea coarctata f. terrula Hulting, Lecidea coarctata subsp. coarctata (Turner) Nyl., Lecidea coarctata subsp. dioritica Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. argilliseda (Dufour ex Schaer.) Arnold, Lecidea coarctata var. biatoriza Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. coarctata (Turner) Nyl., Lecidea coarctata var. dioritica (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. exposita Nyl., Lecidea coarctata var. expositella Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. lutosa Zahlbr., Lecidea coarctata var. ochrinactella Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. trapelia (Ach.) Vain., Lecidea fulgiana Chevall., Lichen coarctatus Turner, Parmelia coarctata (Turner) Ach., Parmelia coarctata var. coarctata (Turner) Ach., Patellaria coarctata (Turner) Wallr., Rinodina coarctata (Turner) Gray, Zeora coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Flot., Zeora coarctata f. albomarginata Hazsl., Zeora coarctata f. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Flot., Zeora coarctata var. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Flot., Zeora coarctata var. variolosa Flot.]
native, indigenous, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 4141 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4878 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3466 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65499 [CDS], more...
Trapelia glebulosa (Sm.) J. R. Laundon
[Biatora coarctata f. glebulosa (Sm.) Arnold, Flora, Regensburg 67: 549 (1884), Biatora coarctata var. glebulosa (Sm.) Arnold, Lecidea coarctata f. glebulosa (Sm.) Leight., Lecidea coarctata var. glebulosa (Sm.) Mudd, Lecidea glebulosa (Sm.) Jatta, Lecidea granulosa f. glebulosa (Sm.) Sandst., Lecidea gregaria G. Merr., Lecidea pholidiota Ach., Syn. meth. lich. (Lund): 53 (1814), Lepidoma glebulosum (Sm.) Gray, Lichen glebulosus Sm., Patellaria glebulosa (Sm.) Spreng., Psora glebulosa (Sm.) Hook.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 65498 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4194 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65294 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65263 A [CDS]
Trapeliopsis flexuosa (Fr.) Coppins & P. James
[Biatora decolorans var. flexuosa (Fr.) Fr., Biatora flexuosa Fr., Biatora granulosa var. flexuosa (Fr.) Flot., Lecidea aeruginosa Borr., Lecidea decolorans subsp. flexuosa (Fr.) Cromb., Lecidea decolorans var. flexuosa (Fr.) Link, Lecidea flexuosa (Fr.) Nyl., Lecidea flexuosa f. aeruginosa (Borrer) Leight., Lecidea flexuosa f. flexuosa Fr., Lecidea flexuosa var. aeruginosa (Borrer) Mudd, Lecidea flexuosa var. flexuosa Fr., Lecidea granulosa subsp. flexuosa (Fr.) Th. Fr., Lecidea granulosa var. flexuosa (Fr.) Schaer., Lecidea sapinea f. aeruginosa (Borrer) Zahlbr., Lecidea sporadiza Stirt., Lecidea wallrothii subsp. flexuosa (Fr.) Lamy, Trapelia flexuosa (Fr.) Neuwirth & Türk nom. inval.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Aptroot, A. 64837 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65101 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6810 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64836 [CDS], more...
Trapeliopsis glaucopholis (Nyl. Ex Hasse) Printzen & McCune
[Lecidea admiscens Nyl., Lecidea glaucopholis Nyl.]
preliminary identification, F. Bungartz: material needs verification; Aptroot, A. 63213 [CDS]
Trapeliopsis granulosa (Hoffm.) Lumbsch
[Biatora decolorans (Hoffm.) Fr., Biatora decolorans var. decolorans (Hoffm.) Fr., Biatora granulosa (Hoffm.) Flot., Biatora granulosa f. granulosa (Ehrh.) Flot., Biatora granulosa var. granulosa (Ehrh.) Flot., Biatora viridescens var. sapinea Fr., Helocarpon granulosum (Hoffm.) M. Choisy, Helocarpon granulosum f. granulosum (Ehrh.) M. Choisy, Helocarpon sapineum (Fr.) M. Choisy, Lecanora granulosa (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecanora granulosa var. granulosa (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecidea decolorans (Hoffm.) Flörke, Lecidea decolorans f. fusconigra Nyl., Lecidea decolorans subsp. decolorans (Hoffm.) Flörke, Lecidea decolorans var. decolorans (Hoffm.) Flörke, Lecidea decolorans var. quadricolor (Dicks.) Branth & Rostr., Lecidea granulosa (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecidea granulosa f. aporetica Ach., Lecidea granulosa f. fusconigra (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Lecidea granulosa f. glomerata Erichsen, Lecidea granulosa f. granulosa (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecidea granulosa f. hilaris (Nyl.) Blomb. & Forssell, Lecidea granulosa subsp. granulosa (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecidea granulosa var. granulosa (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecidea quadricolor (Dicks.) Borrer, Lecidea sapinea (Fr.) Zahlbr., Lecidea sapinea f. sapinea (Fr.) Zahlbr., Lecidea sapinea var. sapinea (Fr.) Zahlbr., Lichen quadricolor Dicks., Patellaria decolorans Hoffm., Trapelia granulosa (Hoffm.) V. Wirth, Verrucaria decolorans (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Verrucaria granulosa Hoffm.]
native, indigenous, specimen in COLO (63337), Santa Cruz, on plant debris, saddle between El Puntudo and Cerro Crocker, 700 m, source: Weber (1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Bungartz, F. 8188 [CDS]
Trapeliopsis steppica McCune & Camacho
preliminary identification, F. Bungartz: material needs verification; Aptroot, A. 63166 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64644 [CDS]
Tricharia hyalina Kalb & Vězda
[Batistomyces hyalinus (Kalb & Vězda) Xavier-Leite, M. Cáceres & Lücking]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7081 A [CDS]
Tricharia similis Vězda
[Microxyphiomyces similis (Vězda) Xavier-Leite, M. Cáceres & Lücking]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 8622 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7081 B [CDS]
Tricharia urceolata (Müll.Arg.) R. Sant.
[Lopadium urceolatum Müll.Arg.]
native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7081 C [CDS]
Trichothelium akeassii U. Becker & Lücking
[Trichothelium epiphyllum Müll.Arg., Trichothelium epiphyllum var. epiphyllum Müll.Arg.]
native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7312 A [CDS], Ertz, D. 11725 [CDS]
Trichothelium montanum Lücking
[Trichothelium montanum f. latisporum Lücking, Trichothelium montanum f. montanum Lücking]
native, indigenous; Ertz, D. 11549 [CDS]
Trypethelium eluteriae Sprengel
[Astrothelium varium Eschw., Astrothelium varium var. citrinum Eschw., Astrothelium varium var. varium Eschw., Holstiella usambarensis Henn., Massarina usambarensis (Henn.) Höhn., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae (Spreng.) Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae subsp. eluteriae (Spreng.) Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae subsp. subsulphurea Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae var. anacardii (Fée) Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae var. eluteriae (Spreng.) Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae var. sprengelii (Ach.) Vain., Trypethelium anacardii Fée, Trypethelium areolatum Mont., Trypethelium assimile Stirt., Trypethelium crocosarca Berk. & Broome, Trypethelium eluteriae var. anacardii (Fée) Zahlbr., Trypethelium eluteriae var. citrinum (Eschw.) Müll.Arg., Trypethelium eluteriae var. endochlorum Müll. Arg., Flora, Regensburg 68: 255 (1885), Trypethelium eluteriae var. expallidum Müll. Arg., Trypethelium eluteriae var. nigricans (Fée) Trevis., Trypethelium eluteriae var. sprengelii (Ach.) Zahlbr., Trypethelium eluteriae var. subsulphureum (Vain.) Riddle, Trypethelium eluteriae var. truncatum Müll.Arg., Trypethelium insigne Müll.Arg., Trypethelium leprosulum Zahlbr., Trypethelium luteum Taylor, Trypethelium medians Harm., Trypethelium montagnei Trevis., Trypethelium perrotetii Fée, Trypethelium pringlei Eckfeldt, Trypethelium scitulens Eckfeldt, Trypethelium sprengelii Ach., Trypethelium sprengelii var. anacardii (Fée) Nyl., Trypethelium sprengelii var. nigricans Fée, Trypethelium sprengelii var. sprengelii Ach., Trypethelium subsulphureum (Vain.) Zahlbr., Verrucaria trypetheliiformis Mont.]
native, indigenous, F. Bungartz: specimens confirmed by R. Miranda & R. Lücking, source: Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1986); Bungartz, F. 5064 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5709 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63107 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6513 [CDS], more...
Usnea angulata Ach.
[Usnea paradoxa (Zahlbr.) Motyka, Usnea sulcata Motyka, Usnea torquescens Stirt., Usnea torquescens var. torquescens Stirt., Usnea undulata Stirt., Usnea undulata f. undulata Stirt.]
native, indigenous, In Weber (1981, 1986) and Elix & McCarthy (1998) as Usnea paradoxa; no recent specimens; all collections from before 1972, presumed extinct!, source: Bungartz et al. (2018), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Truong et al. (2013), Weber (1981, 1986); W.A. Weber 1971-06-11 [ASU], Weber, W. A 131884 [MSC], W.A. Weber s.n. [WIS], Weber, William, A. s.n. [DUKE], more...
Usnea baileyi (Stirton) Zahlbr.
[Eumitria asperrima (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Eumitria baileyi Stirt., Eumitria formosa Stirt., Eumitria implicita Stirt., Eumitria tasmanica (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Usnea antillarum (Vain.) Zahlbr., Usnea baileyi var. eizanensis (Asahina) Asahina, Usnea baileyi var. yokawensis (Asahina) Asahina, Usnea barbata var. asperrima Müll.Arg., Usnea barbata var. substrigosa (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Usnea barbata var. tasmanica Müll.Arg., Usnea dasopoga var. substrigosa (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr., Usnea dasypogoides var. substrigosa Müll.Arg., Usnea eizanensis Asahina, Usnea formosa (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Usnea implicita (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Usnea implicita f. implicita (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Usnea implicita var. yokawensis Asahina, Usnea percava f. asperrima (Müll. Arg.) J. Steiner, Usnea recurvata J.D. Zhao, L.W. Hsu & Z.M. Sun, Usnea subrectangulata J.D. Zhao, L.W. Hsu & Z.M. Sun, Usnea tasmanica (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr.]
native, indigenous, In Weber (1986) as Usnea antillarum, fide A. Aptroot (pers. comm.), source: Bungartz et al. (2018), Truong & Clerc (2013); Aptroot, A. 64873 B [CDS], Truong, C. 1134 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65149 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8526 [CDS], more...
Usnea brasiliensis (Zahlbr.) Motyka
[Usnea bornmuelleri var. brasiliensis Zahlbr., Usnea cornuta subsp. brasiliensis (Zahlbr.) P. Clerc]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Clerc, P. 08-239 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65128 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8367 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4300 [CDS], more...
Usnea cladocarpa Fée
[Usnea cirrosa subsp. ramillosa (Motyka) P. Clerc., Usnea ramillosa Motyka]
native, indigenous, source: Truong et al. (2013); W.A. Weber 1976-04-25 [ASU], Bungartz, F. 9717 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6284 [CDS]
Usnea clerciana Truong
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Truong 1127 [CDS 39438]; according to Bungartz et al. (2018) sorediate specimens are similar to Usnea fragilescens and U. cornuta, source: Truong & Clerc (2016), Bungartz et al. (2018); Clerc, P. 08-95 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64873 A [CDS], Truong, C. 1516 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63429 [CDS], more...
Usnea columbiana Motyka ex Räsänen
preliminary identification, Bungartz et al. (2018): The identity of specimens in Galapagos, here referred to U. aff. columbiana, is not entirely resolved. Material analyzed by HTLC either contains both usnic and norstictic acid or, more rarely, usnic acid only, source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Aptroot, A. 64851 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65088 [CDS]
Usnea cornuta Körb.
[Usnea ceratina f. inflata Duby, Usnea confusa Asah., Usnea constrictula Stirt., Usnea inflata (Duby) Motyka, Usnea inflata var. cornuta (Körb.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Usnea inflata var. inflata Delise, Usnea intexta Stirt., Usnea intexta var. constrictula (Stirt.) D. Hawksw. & D. Chapm., Usnea intexta var. intexta Stirt., Usnea jelskii Motyka, Usnea subhirta (Vain.) Motyka, Usnea subpectinata Stirt.]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Clerc, P. 08-222 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5726 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4812 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-89 [CDS], more...
Usnea deformis Motyka
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Bungartz, F. 10948 [CDS]
Usnea dorogawensis Asahina
native, indigenous, Type: JAPAN. Honshu: Prov. Yamato, Dorogawa, Amakawa-mura, Yoshino-gun, 1952, Togashi (lectotype TNS!; % C/M/A: 4/37.5/16; contains usnic, lobaric, norstictic, stictic and constictic acids, unknown US6 (Ohmura 2001)., source: Bungartz et al. (2018), Ohmura (2001), Truong et al. (2011); Bungartz, F. 8356 [CDS], Truong, C. 1222 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10715 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-241 [CDS], more...
Usnea flammea Stirton
[Lichen ceratinus var. scabrosus Ach. ex Lam., Usnea barbata var. scabrosa (Ach.) Grognot, Usnea ceratina var. scabrosa Ach., Usnea florida var. scabrosa Vain., Usnea rupestris Motyka, Usnea scabrosa (Ach.) Ach.]
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Aptroot, A. 64670 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63319 C [CDS]
Usnea leana Bungartz, Truong & Herrera-Camp.
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Yánez-Ayabaca 1895 [CDS 48250], source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1895 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-208 [CDS]
Usnea poliothrix Kremp.
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2018), Motyka (1936–38), Truong et al. (2011), Vareschi (1973); Clerc, P. 08-206 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9956 [CDS], Jaramillo, P. 2887 A [CDS], Truong, C. 1212 [CDS], more...
Usnea rubicunda Stirton
[Usnea pensylvanica Motyka, Usnea protensa Stirt., Usnea rubicunda var. spilota (Stirt.) G.N. Stevens, Usnea spilota Stirt., Usnea sublurida Stirt.]
native, indigenous, source: Farlow (1902), Stewart (1912), Weber (1966, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Truong et al. (2011), Ohmura (2001, 2008), Bungartz et al. (2018); Aptroot, A. 64561 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3918 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-338 [CDS], Nugra, F. 177 [CDS], more...
Usnea subcomplecta Truong, P. Clerc & Herrera-Camp.
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 8117 [CDS 40763], source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Clerc, P. 08-91 [CDS], Truong, C. 1435 [CDS], Truong, C. 1333 [CDS], Truong, C. 1433 [CDS], more...
Usnea subflammea P. Clerc
native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2018)
Vainionora aemulans (Vain.) Kalb
[Lecanora aemulans Vain.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2013c, 2020); Aptroot, A. 65060 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4017 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4320 [CDS]
Vainionora nugrae Bungartz & Elix
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Nugra 279 [CDS 33195], source: Bungartz et al. (2020); Nugra, F. 279 [CDS]
Verrucaria xyloxena Norman
[Verrucaria melaenella Vain.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, material confirmed by O. Breuss (2011); Aptroot, A. 64863 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4335 [CDS]
Verruculopsis lecideoides (A. Massal.) Gueidan & Cl. Roux
[Catapyrenium lecideoides (A. Massal.) Arnold, Catapyrenium lecideoides f. minutum (A. Massal.) Arnold, Catapyrenium lecideoides var. minutum (A. Massal.) Arnold, Dermatocarpon lecideoides (A. Massal.) Zahlbr., Lithoicea fraudulosa (Nyl.) Flagey, Lithoicea lecideoides (A. Massal.) Flagey, Lithoicea lecideoides var. minuta (A. Massal.) Flagey, Placopyrenium lecideoides (A. Massal.) Gueidan & Cl. Roux, Thrombium lecideoides A. Massal., Thrombium lecideoides var. lecideoides A. Massal., Thrombium lecideoides var. minutum A. Massal., Verrucaria fraudulosa Nyl., Verrucaria lecideoides (A. Massal.) Trevis., Verrucaria lecideoides f. lecideoides (A. Massal.) Trevis., Verrucaria lecideoides f. minuta (A. Massal.) Körb., Verrucaria lecideoides var. fraudulosa (Nyl.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Verrucaria lecideoides var. lecideoides (A. Massal.) Trevis., Verrucaria lecideoides var. minuta Hepp, Verrucaria minor Breuss, Verrucaria minuta (A. Massal.) Zschacke nom. illegit., Verrucaria minuta f. minuta (A. Massal.) Zschacke, Verrucula fraudulosa (Nyl.) J. Steiner, Verrucula lecideoides (A. Massal.) J. Steiner, Verrucula lecideoides f. minuta (A. Massal.) J. Steiner, Verruculopsis lecideoides var. fraudulosa (Nyl.) Gueidan & Cl. Roux, Verruculopsis lecideoides var. minuta (A. Massal.) Cl. Roux nom. inval., Verruculopsis minuta (Hepp) Krzewicka nom. inval.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 5245 [CDS]
Wetmoreana brouardii (B. de Lesd.) Wilk & Søchting
[Caloplaca brouardii (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr., Caloplaca brouardii var. brouardii (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr., Fulgogasparrea brouardii (B. de Lesd.) S.Y. Kondr., Placodium brouardii B. de Lesd.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Bungartz et al. (2020b); Clerc, P. 08-389 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4053 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65107 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 301 [CDS], more...
Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Hale
[Imbricaria conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) DC., Imbricaria conspersa f. conspersa (Ach.) DC., Lichen conspersus Ehrh. ex Ach., Lobaria conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) P. Gaertn., G. Mey. & Scherb., Parmelia centrifuga var. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Schaer., Parmelia conspersa Ach., Parmelia conspersa f. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Parmelia conspersa subsp. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Parmelia conspersa var. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Pseudoparmelia conspersa]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7610 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10526 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10527 [CDS]
Xanthoparmelia farinosa (Vain.) T.H. Nash, Elix & J. Johnst.
[Parmelia farinosa Vain., Parmelia farinosa f. farinosa Vain., Parmelia soredians f. farinosa (Vain.) Gyeln.]
native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7612 [CDS]
Xanthoparmelia neopropaguloides Hale
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, previosuly as Xanthoparmelia congensis (J. Steiner) Hale, but specimens have more slightly convex lobes, isidia are only initially globose, but with age become cylindrical and eventually even sparsely branched and are not erumpent; Bungartz, F. 7013 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11752 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64794 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7966 [CDS], more...
Xanthoparmelia sipmanii T.H. Nash & Elix
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7591 [CDS]
Xanthoparmelia subramigera (Gyelnik) Hale
[Parmelia abstrusa var. subramigera (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia subramigera Gyeln.]
so far only reported from the Galapagos, likely to also occur in mainland Ecuador, native, indigenous, source: Weber (1986), Nash et al. (1995), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Bungartz, F. 4875 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65007 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6657 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7599 A [CDS], more...
Xanthoparmelia ulcerosa (Zahlbr.) Hale
[Parmelia soredians f. ulcerosa (Zahlbr.) Gyeln., Parmelia ulcerosa Zahlbr.]
native, indigenous; Bungartz, F. 7615 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11873 [CDS]
Yoshimuriella peltigera (Vain.) Lücking & Moncada
[Lobaria peltigera (Delile) Vain., Lobaria peltigera var. peltigera (Delile) Vain.]
native, indigenous